{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T09:15:04Z","timestamp":1768554904174,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"group-title":"Respiratory Medicine","reference-count":84,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) is one of the most cost-effective therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management. There are, however, people who do not respond to PR and reasons for non-response are mostly unknown. PR is likely to change the airway microbiota and this could play a role in its responsiveness. In this study we have explored the association between PR effectiveness and specific alterations in oral microbiota and inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A prospective longitudinal study was conducted. Data on exercise capacity, dyspnoea, impact of disease and 418 saliva samples were collected from 76 patients, half of whom participated in a 12-weeks PR programme. Responders and non-responders to PR (dyspnoea, exercise-capacity and impact of disease) were defined based on minimal clinically important differences.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Changes in microbiota, including\n                    <jats:italic>Prevotella melaninogenica<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    were observed upon PR.\n                    <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic>\n                    , previously found to be depleted in severe COPD, increased during the first month of PR in responders. This increase was negatively correlated with\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Lautropia<\/jats:italic>\n                    , known to be enriched in severe cases of COPD. Simultaneously, an anti-inflammatory commensal of the respiratory tract,\n                    <jats:italic>Rothia,<\/jats:italic>\n                    correlated strongly and negatively with several pro-inflammatory markers, whose levels were generally boosted by PR.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Conversely, in non-responders, the observed decline in\n                    <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic>\n                    correlated negatively with\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Lautropia<\/jats:italic>\n                    whose fluctuations co-occurred with several pro-inflammatory markers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    PR is associated with changes in oral microbiota. Specifically, PR increases salivary\n                    <jats:italic>Prevotella melaninogenica<\/jats:italic>\n                    and avoids the decline in\n                    <jats:italic>Rothia<\/jats:italic>\n                    and the increase in\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Lautropia<\/jats:italic>\n                    in responders, which may contribute to the benefits of PR.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Notation of prior abstract publication\/presentation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    S. Melo-Dias, M. Cabral, A. Furtado, S. Souto-Miranda, J. Cravo, M. A. Mendes, C. R. Almeida, A. Marques,\n                    <jats:underline>A. Sousa<\/jats:underline>\n                    , 2022,\n                    <jats:bold>\u201cResponsiveness to pulmonary rehabilitation is related with changes in oral microbiota of people with COPD\u201d<\/jats:bold>\n                    (Oral communication in 38\u00b0 Congresso de Pneumologia,\n                    <jats:underline>November 2022<\/jats:underline>\n                    )\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:underline>S. Melo-Dias<\/jats:underline>\n                    , M. Cabral, A. Furtado, S. Souto-Miranda, J. Cravo, M. A. Mendes, C. R. Almeida, A. Marques, A. Sousa, 2022,\n                    <jats:bold>\u201cPulmonary rehabilitation changes the oral microbiota of people with COPD\u201d<\/jats:bold>\n                    (Oral communication in\n                    <jats:underline>ERS International Congress, September 2022<\/jats:underline>\n                    )\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:underline>S. Melo-Dias<\/jats:underline>\n                    , M. Cabral, A. Furtado, S. Souto-Miranda, C. R. Almeida, A. Marques, A. Sousa, 2022,\n                    <jats:bold>\u201cThe Effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD is associated with specific shifts in oral microbiota\u201d<\/jats:bold>\n                    (Poster presentation in the\n                    <jats:underline>\n                      7\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      meeting of International Society for Evolution, Medicine and Public Health, July 2022\n                    <\/jats:underline>\n                    )\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:underline>A. Furtado<\/jats:underline>\n                    , S. Melo-Dias, M. Cabral, A. Marques, A. Sousa, 2021,\n                    <jats:bold>\u201cThe effect of pulmonary rehabilitation in salivary microbiota of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A longitudinal study\u201d<\/jats:bold>\n                    (Poster presentation in\n                    <jats:underline>IV International Conference - \u201cMicrobiota and Health\u201d, 22 October 2021<\/jats:underline>\n                    )\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.10.28.22281668","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T02:40:19Z","timestamp":1667356819000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Responsiveness to pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD is associated with changes in microbiota"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1768-1562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Melo-Dias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andreia","family":"Furtado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5984-4844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Souto-Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Aurora","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Cravo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6670-6004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina R.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4980-6200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alda","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8541-5720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2023012009100465000_2022.10.28.22281668v3.1","unstructured":"2022 GOLD Reports. 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