{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T09:04:56Z","timestamp":1770282296629,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","issue":"18","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes Dev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The MAPKKK Ste11p functions in three <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic> MAPK cascades [the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG), pheromone response, and pseudohyphal\/invasive growth pathways], but its activation in response to high osmolarity stimulates only the HOG pathway. To determine what restricts cross-activation of MAPK cascades (cross talk), we have studied mutants in which the pheromone response pathway is activated by high osmolarity (1 <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> sorbitol). We found that mutations in the <jats:italic>HOG1<\/jats:italic>gene, encoding the p38-type MAPK of the HOG pathway, and in the<jats:italic>PBS2<\/jats:italic> gene, encoding the activating kinase for Hog1p, allowed osmolarity-induced activation of the pheromone response pathway. This cross talk required the osmosensor Sho1p, as well as Ste20p, Ste50p, the pheromone response MAPK cascade (Ste11p, Ste7p, and Fus3p or Kss1p), and Ste12p but not Ste4p or the MAPK scaffold protein, Ste5p. The cross talk in <jats:italic>hog1<\/jats:italic> mutants induced multiple responses of the pheromone response pathway: induction of a <jats:italic>FUS1::lacZ<\/jats:italic>reporter, morphological changes, and mating in <jats:italic>ste4<\/jats:italic> and<jats:italic>ste5<\/jats:italic> mutants. We suggest that Hog1p may prevent osmolarity-induced cross talk by inhibiting Sho1p, perhaps as part of a feedback control on the HOG pathway. We have also shown that Ste20p and Ste50p function in the Sho1p branch of the HOG pathway and that a second osmosensor in addition to Sho1p may activate Ste11p. Finally, we have found that pseudohyphal growth exhibited by wild-type (<jats:italic>HOG1<\/jats:italic>) strains depends on <jats:italic>SHO1,<\/jats:italic> suggesting that Sho1p may be a receptor that feeds into the pseudohyphal growth pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.12.18.2874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T22:15:26Z","timestamp":1203545726000},"page":"2874-2886","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":338,"title":["The Hog1 MAPK prevents cross talk between the HOG and pheromone response MAPK pathways in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1101","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sean M.","family":"O\u2019Rourke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ira","family":"Herskowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"246","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111418565290000_12.18.2874.1","first-page":"4135","article-title":"GPD1, which encodes glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, is essential for growth under osmotic stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its expression is regulated by the high-osmolarity glycerol response pathway.","volume":"14","author":"Albertyn","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. 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