{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:08:13Z","timestamp":1790708893584,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Physical Society (APS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/link.aps.org\/licenses\/aps-default-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/link.aps.org\/licenses\/aps-default-accepted-manuscript-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-1506152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-1506152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-1828489"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-1828489"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OAC-1919789"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OAC-1919789"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.aps.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phys. Rev. E"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"DOI":"10.1103\/physreve.111.024114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T10:05:11Z","timestamp":1739354711000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Helicity modulus and chiral symmetry breaking for boundary conditions with finite twist"],"prefix":"10.1103","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3496-9675","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gaurav","family":"Khairnar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00scwqd12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1941-2748","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thomas","family":"Vojta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00scwqd12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc1R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.26.2482","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc2R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.46.973","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc3R1","volume-title":"In and Out of Equilibrium 3: Celebrating Vladas Sidoravicius","author":"E.\u00a0O. Endo","year":"2021","type":"book"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc4R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02099766","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc5R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.38.386","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc6R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.66.054536","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc7R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.36.7177","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc8R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.51.8357","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc9R1","first-page":"207","type":"journal-article","volume":"287","author":"M. Fisher","year":"1978","journal-title":"C. R. Acad. Sci. Ser. B"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc10R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.56.742","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc11R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0550-3213(86)90596-1","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc12R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.56.746","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc13R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.84.041134","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc14R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.95.042120","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc15R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2022.12.004","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc16R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e26060499","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc17R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.74.224413","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc18R1","first-page":"493","type":"journal-article","volume":"32","author":"V.\u00a0L. Berezinskii","year":"1971","journal-title":"Sov. Phys. JETP"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc19R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3719\/6\/7\/010","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc20R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.17.1133","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc21R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.8.1111","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc22R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.16.2032","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc23R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0305-4470\/11\/7\/024","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc24R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.27.598","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc25R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1209\/0295-5075\/26\/7\/003","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc26R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/jp1:1993160","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc27R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.60.3606","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc28R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1949.10483310","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc29R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1699114","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc30R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.62.361","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc31R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.104.165132","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc32R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1140\/epjb\/s10051-021-00056-4","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc33R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.39.1201","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc34R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0305-4470\/30\/1\/006","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc35R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2013\/09\/P09001","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc36R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/aba686","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc37R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2009\/02\/P02005","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc38R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0305-4470\/38\/26\/003","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc39R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.61.11282","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc40R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.49.435","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc41R1","unstructured":"If one considers open rather than periodic boundary conditions in the direction perpendicular to the twist, a single vortex moving across the system is sufficient to flip the bulk chirality. Test simulations with open boundary conditions lead to the same logarithmic dependence   (16) of the activation energy \u0394Eflip but with prefactor E0=3.7(1), indicating the formation of a single vortex.","type":"other"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc42R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/jphys:01975003606058100","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc43R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.16.1217","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc44R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0550-3213(80)90417-4","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc45R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.50.4015","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc46R1","volume-title":"Quantum Physics in One Dimension","author":"T. Giamarchi","year":"2004","type":"book"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc47R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0550-3213(98)00249-1","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc48R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.125.237204","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc49R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.88.104427","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevE.111.024114Cc50R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.84.184202","type":"journal-article"}],"container-title":["Physical Review E"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.aps.org\/accepted\/10.1103\/PhysRevE.111.024114","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.aps.org\/article\/10.1103\/PhysRevE.111.024114","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/harvest.aps.org\/v2\/journals\/articles\/10.1103\/PhysRevE.111.024114\/fulltext","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:27:39Z","timestamp":1790706459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.aps.org\/doi\/10.1103\/PhysRevE.111.024114"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physreve.111.024114","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-0045","2470-0053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-0045","type":"print"},{"value":"2470-0053","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-03","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"\u00a92025 American Physical Society. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright_statement","label":"Copyright statement","group":{"name":"copyright","label":"copyright"}},{"value":"2025","name":"copyright_year","label":"Copyright year","group":{"name":"copyright","label":"copyright"}},{"value":"American Physical Society","name":"copyright_holder","label":"Copyright holder","group":{"name":"copyright","label":"copyright"}}],"article-number":"024114"}}