{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:00:37Z","timestamp":1790712037090,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Physical Society (APS)","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.aps.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phys. Rev. Lett."],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <a:mrow>\n                        <a:mrow>\n                          <a:msub>\n                            <a:mrow>\n                              <a:mi>Na<\/a:mi>\n                            <\/a:mrow>\n                            <a:mrow>\n                              <a:mn>2<\/a:mn>\n                            <\/a:mrow>\n                          <\/a:msub>\n                        <\/a:mrow>\n                        <a:mi>BaCo<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mrow>\n                          <a:msub>\n                            <a:mrow>\n                              <a:mi>PO<\/a:mi>\n                            <\/a:mrow>\n                            <a:mrow>\n                              <a:mn>4<\/a:mn>\n                            <\/a:mrow>\n                          <\/a:msub>\n                        <\/a:mrow>\n                        <a:msub>\n                          <a:mrow>\n                            <a:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/a:mo>\n                          <\/a:mrow>\n                          <a:mrow>\n                            <a:mn>2<\/a:mn>\n                          <\/a:mrow>\n                        <\/a:msub>\n                      <\/a:mrow>\n                    <\/a:math>\n                    is a triangular antiferromagnet that displays highly efficient adiabatic demagnetization cooling [Junsen Xiang , ] near a quantum critical point at\n                    <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <e:msub>\n                        <e:mi>\u03bc<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mn>0<\/e:mn>\n                      <\/e:msub>\n                      <e:msub>\n                        <e:mi>H<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mi>c<\/e:mi>\n                      <\/e:msub>\n                      <e:mo>\u223c<\/e:mo>\n                      <e:mn>1.6<\/e:mn>\n                      <e:mtext>\u2009<\/e:mtext>\n                      <e:mtext>\u2009<\/e:mtext>\n                      <e:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">T<\/e:mi>\n                    <\/e:math>\n                    , separating a low-field magnetically disordered from a high-field fully polarized ferromagnetic phase. We apply high resolution backscattering neutron spectroscopy in an applied field to study the magnetic excitations near\n                    <h:math xmlns:h=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <h:msub>\n                        <h:mi>\u03bc<\/h:mi>\n                        <h:mn>0<\/h:mn>\n                      <\/h:msub>\n                      <h:msub>\n                        <h:mi>H<\/h:mi>\n                        <h:mi>c<\/h:mi>\n                      <\/h:msub>\n                    <\/h:math>\n                    . At large fields we observe ferromagnetic fluctuations that gradually transition to being overdamped in energy below\n                    <j:math xmlns:j=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <j:msub>\n                        <j:mi>\u03bc<\/j:mi>\n                        <j:mn>0<\/j:mn>\n                      <\/j:msub>\n                      <j:msub>\n                        <j:mi>H<\/j:mi>\n                        <j:mi>c<\/j:mi>\n                      <\/j:msub>\n                    <\/j:math>\n                    where the magnetism is spatially disordered. We parametrize the excitations in the high-field polarized phase in terms of coupled Zeeman split Kramers doublets originating from the presence of spin-orbit coupling. On reducing the field, the splitting between the Kramers doublets is reduced and if done adiabatically, provides a mechanism for reducing temperature. On lowering the applied field through the\n                    <l:math xmlns:l=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <l:msub>\n                        <l:mi>\u03bc<\/l:mi>\n                        <l:mn>0<\/l:mn>\n                      <\/l:msub>\n                      <l:msub>\n                        <l:mi>H<\/l:mi>\n                        <l:mi>c<\/l:mi>\n                      <\/l:msub>\n                    <\/l:math>\n                    the excitations characterize a textured phase that we suggest is inefficient for cooling. Low temperature disordered frustrated magnets built on Kramers doublets with nearby quantum critical points provide a route for efficient magnetocalorics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevlett.134.136703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T10:02:10Z","timestamp":1743674530000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Zeeman Split Kramers Doublets in Spin-Supersolid Candidate\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mi>Na<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:msub>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mi>BaCo<\/mml:mi>\n                        <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mi>PO<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mn>4<\/mml:mn>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:msub>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:msub>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:msub>\n                      <\/mml:mrow>\n                    <\/mml:math>"],"prefix":"10.1103","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3758-3137","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"T.\u2009I.","family":"Popescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nrxwf90","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5920-6078","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"N.","family":"Gora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nrxwf90","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3203-4136","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"F.","family":"Demmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01t8fg661","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03gq8fr08","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qgcra83","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"NIST Center for Neutron Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00hx57361","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Princeton University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.\u2009J.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01t8fg661","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03gq8fr08","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.\u2009J.","family":"Cava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00hx57361","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Princeton University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1441-8275","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"G.","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qgcra83","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"NIST Center for Neutron Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5080-9957","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"C.","family":"Stock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nrxwf90","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc1R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/p97-007","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc2R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1143\/JPSJ.75.083701","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc3R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.79.214436","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc4R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-5408(73)90167-0","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc5R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.95.127205","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc6R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.95.127207","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc7R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.95.127206","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc8R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.95.237204","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc9R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.104.015301","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc10R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.102.017203","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc11R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.79.020409","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc12R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02220","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc13R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41535-022-00500-3","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc14R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00018737700101433","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc15R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06885-w","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc16R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevMaterials.8.044409","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc17R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2211193119","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc18R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.103.024413","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc19R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1906483116","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc20R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18041-3","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc21R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.110.214408","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc22R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.167.510","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc23R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.88.205117","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc24R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.98.024415","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc25R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.100.075143","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc26R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.102.245119","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc27R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.106.054431","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc28R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevResearch.5.043146","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc29R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.104.104404","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc30R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.107.144420","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc31R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.110.064434","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc32R1","unstructured":"See Supplemental Material at http:\/\/link.aps.org\/supplemental\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.134.136703 for additional information on experiments and data parameterization.","type":"other"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc33R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.11.266","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc34R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B413934H","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc35R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2014.09.019","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc36R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.109.167207","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc37R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.109.127201","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc38R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physb.2004.03.066","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc39R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/15\/20\/306","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc40R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.85.219","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc41R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.96.047210","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc42R1","volume-title":"Introduction to Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena","author":"H.\u2009E. Stanley","year":"1971","type":"book"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc43R1","first-page":"70","type":"journal-article","volume":"36","author":"R.\u2009K. Wehner","year":"1975","journal-title":"RCA Rev.","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0033-6831","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc44R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0038-1098(77)90103-X","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc45R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.100.205701","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"PhysRevLett.134.136703Cc46R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1180085","type":"journal-article"}],"container-title":["Physical Review Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.aps.org\/article\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.134.136703","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/harvest.aps.org\/v2\/journals\/articles\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.134.136703\/fulltext","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:03:47Z","timestamp":1790708627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.aps.org\/doi\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.134.136703"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physrevlett.134.136703","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9007","1079-7114"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9007","type":"print"},{"value":"1079-7114","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-20","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"Published by the American Physical Society. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright_statement","label":"Copyright statement","group":{"name":"copyright","label":"copyright"}},{"value":"2025","name":"copyright_year","label":"Copyright year","group":{"name":"copyright","label":"copyright"}},{"value":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/","name":"creative_commons_license","label":"Creative Commons license","group":{"name":"licenses","label":"Licenses"}},{"value":"\u00a92025 The authors","name":"copyright_holder","label":"Copyright holder","group":{"name":"copyright","label":"copyright"}}],"article-number":"136703"}}