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Rev. Lett."],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We measured the invariant mass of the\n                    <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <a:mrow>\n                        <a:msup>\n                          <a:mrow>\n                            <a:mi>\u03b7<\/a:mi>\n                          <\/a:mrow>\n                          <a:mrow>\n                            <a:mo>\u2032<\/a:mo>\n                          <\/a:mrow>\n                        <\/a:msup>\n                        <a:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>958<\/a:mn>\n                        <a:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/a:mo>\n                      <\/a:mrow>\n                    <\/a:math>\n                    meson through the\n                    <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <e:mrow>\n                        <e:msup>\n                          <e:mrow>\n                            <e:mi>\u03b7<\/e:mi>\n                          <\/e:mrow>\n                          <e:mrow>\n                            <e:mo>\u2032<\/e:mo>\n                          <\/e:mrow>\n                        <\/e:msup>\n                        <e:mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2192<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mi>\u03b3<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mi>\u03b3<\/e:mi>\n                      <\/e:mrow>\n                    <\/e:math>\n                    decay channel to search for possible character change of\n                    <h:math xmlns:h=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <h:mrow>\n                        <h:msup>\n                          <h:mrow>\n                            <h:mi>\u03b7<\/h:mi>\n                          <\/h:mrow>\n                          <h:mrow>\n                            <h:mo>\u2032<\/h:mo>\n                          <\/h:mrow>\n                        <\/h:msup>\n                      <\/h:mrow>\n                    <\/h:math>\n                    in a nuclear medium. The measured invariant-mass spectra were analyzed by fitting realistic spectral functions. An enhancement was observed in the lower tail of the\n                    <j:math xmlns:j=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <j:msup>\n                        <j:mi>\u03b7<\/j:mi>\n                        <j:mo>\u2032<\/j:mo>\n                      <\/j:msup>\n                    <\/j:math>\n                    mass peak for low-momentum (\n                    <l:math xmlns:l=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <l:mrow>\n                        <l:msub>\n                          <l:mrow>\n                            <l:mi>P<\/l:mi>\n                          <\/l:mrow>\n                          <l:mrow>\n                            <l:mi>\u03b3<\/l:mi>\n                            <l:mi>\u03b3<\/l:mi>\n                          <\/l:mrow>\n                        <\/l:msub>\n                        <l:mo>&lt;<\/l:mo>\n                        <l:mn>1<\/l:mn>\n                        <l:mtext>\u2009<\/l:mtext>\n                        <l:mtext>\u2009<\/l:mtext>\n                        <l:mrow>\n                          <l:mi>GeV<\/l:mi>\n                          <l:mo>\/<\/l:mo>\n                          <l:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">c<\/l:mi>\n                        <\/l:mrow>\n                      <\/l:mrow>\n                    <\/l:math>\n                    ) events. Three statistical methods were applied to assess the significance of the enhancement. All methods yield a statistical significance above\n                    <o:math xmlns:o=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <o:mrow>\n                        <o:mn>3.7<\/o:mn>\n                        <o:mi>\u03c3<\/o:mi>\n                      <\/o:mrow>\n                    <\/o:math>\n                    . The spectral fitting indicates a mass reduction of\n                    <q:math xmlns:q=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <q:mrow>\n                        <q:msubsup>\n                          <q:mrow>\n                            <q:mn>57.5<\/q:mn>\n                          <\/q:mrow>\n                          <q:mrow>\n                            <q:mo>\u2212<\/q:mo>\n                            <q:mn>27.8<\/q:mn>\n                          <\/q:mrow>\n                          <q:mrow>\n                            <q:mo>+<\/q:mo>\n                            <q:mn>5.7<\/q:mn>\n                          <\/q:mrow>\n                        <\/q:msubsup>\n                        <q:mtext>\u2009<\/q:mtext>\n                        <q:mtext>\u2009<\/q:mtext>\n                        <q:msup>\n                          <q:mrow>\n                            <q:mi>MeV<\/q:mi>\n                            <q:mo>\/<\/q:mo>\n                            <q:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">c<\/q:mi>\n                          <\/q:mrow>\n                          <q:mrow>\n                            <q:mn>2<\/q:mn>\n                          <\/q:mrow>\n                        <\/q:msup>\n                      <\/q:mrow>\n                    <\/q:math>\n                    . Our result provides the first evidence for an in-medium spectral modification of the\n                    <t:math xmlns:t=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <t:msup>\n                        <t:mi>\u03b7<\/t:mi>\n                        <t:mo>\u2032<\/t:mo>\n                      <\/t:msup>\n                    <\/t:math>\n                    meson obtained through a direct measurement of its invariant mass.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1103\/x414-n6g9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T19:46:45Z","timestamp":1781552805000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Direct Measurement of the In-Medium\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:msup>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi>\u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>\u2032<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:msup>\n                      <\/mml:mrow>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    Mass Spectrum through the\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\">\n                      <mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mi>\u03b3<\/mml:mi>\n                        <mml:mi>\u03b3<\/mml:mi>\n                      <\/mml:mrow>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    Decay Channel"],"prefix":"10.1103","volume":"137","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9359-2963","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Y.","family":"Matsumura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01dq60k83","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Tohoku University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Muramatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.\u2009A.","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Miyabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01dq60k83","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Tohoku 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