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Overexpression of pumpkin GA 7-oxidase (CmGA7ox) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) resulted in seedlings with elongated roots, taller plants that flower earlier with only a little increase in bioactive GA4 levels compared to control plants. In the same way, overexpression of the pumpkin GA 3-oxidase1 (CmGA3ox1) resulted in a GA overdose phenotype with increased levels of endogenous GA4. This indicates that, in Arabidopsis, 7-oxidation and 3-oxidation are rate-limiting steps in GA plant hormone biosynthesis that control plant development. With an opposite effect, overexpression of pumpkin seed-specific GA 20-oxidase1 (CmGA20ox1) in Arabidopsis resulted in dwarfed plants that flower late with reduced levels of GA4 and increased levels of physiological inactive GA17 and GA25 and unexpected GA34 levels. Severe dwarfed plants were obtained by overexpression of the pumpkin GA 2-oxidase1 (CmGA2ox1) in Arabidopsis. This dramatic change in phenotype was accompanied by a considerable decrease in the levels of bioactive GA4 and an increase in the corresponding inactivation product GA34 in comparison to control plants. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of four pumpkin GA oxidase-encoding genes to modulate the GA plant hormone pool and alter plant stature and development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.105.073668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,29]],"date-time":"2005-12-29T20:24:29Z","timestamp":1135887869000},"page":"528-536","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Ectopic Expression of Pumpkin Gibberellin Oxidases Alters Gibberellin Biosynthesis and Development of Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Abeer","family":"Radi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Pflanzenbiologie der Technischen Universita\u0308t Braunschweig, D\u201338106 Braunschweig, Germany (A.R., T.L., M.J.P.L.); and National Institute of Floricultural Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305\u20138519, Japan (T.N., M.K.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Pflanzenbiologie der Technischen Universita\u0308t Braunschweig, D\u201338106 Braunschweig, Germany (A.R., T.L., M.J.P.L.); and National Institute of Floricultural Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305\u20138519, Japan (T.N., M.K.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoya","family":"Niki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Pflanzenbiologie der Technischen Universita\u0308t Braunschweig, D\u201338106 Braunschweig, Germany (A.R., T.L., M.J.P.L.); and National Institute of Floricultural Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305\u20138519, Japan (T.N., M.K.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaji","family":"Koshioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Pflanzenbiologie der Technischen Universita\u0308t Braunschweig, D\u201338106 Braunschweig, Germany (A.R., T.L., M.J.P.L.); and National Institute of Floricultural Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305\u20138519, Japan (T.N., M.K.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Joa\u0303o Pimenta","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Pflanzenbiologie der Technischen Universita\u0308t Braunschweig, D\u201338106 Braunschweig, Germany (A.R., T.L., M.J.P.L.); and National Institute of Floricultural Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305\u20138519, Japan (T.N., M.K.)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021050611364460400_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Achard P, Vriezen WH, van der Straeten D, Harberd NP (2003) Ethylene regulates Arabidopsis development via the modulation of DELLA protein growth repressor function. 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