{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T21:52:54Z","timestamp":1791064374501,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3657,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In plants, whole-genome doubling (polyploidization) is a widely occurring process largely contributing to plant evolution and diversification. The generation and fusion of diploid gametes is now considered the major route of plant polyploidization. The parallel arrangement or fusion of meiosis II MII spindles (ps) is one of the most frequently reported mechanisms generating triploid offspring. Through a forward genetics screen of an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ethyl methanesulfonate population, we identified Arabidopsis thaliana Parallel Spindles1 (AtPS1), which was recently reported as a major gene implicated in the control of the ps meiotic defect. In addition, we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel allele of JASON, involved in male gametophytic ploidy regulation in plants. Similar to atps1 mutants, jason produces more than 25% 2n pollen grains and spontaneously forms triploid offspring. By combining both cytological and genetic approaches, we demonstrate that loss of JASON causes the formation of parallel arranged and fused spindles in male MII, resulting in the production of unreduced first division restitution 2n spores. Although JASON encodes a protein of unknown function, we additionally show that the meiotic ps defect in jason is caused by a reduction in AtPS1 transcript levels, indicating that JASON positively regulates AtPS1 expression, allowing the proper organization and orientation of metaphase II spindle plates in MII.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.170415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,22]],"date-time":"2011-01-22T04:59:11Z","timestamp":1295672351000},"page":"1403-1415","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":132,"title":["The Arabidopsis Mutant<i>jason<\/i>Produces Unreduced First Division Restitution Male Gametes through a Parallel\/Fused Spindle Mechanism in Meiosis II \u00a0 \u00a0"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"155","author":[{"given":"Nico","family":"De Storme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny","family":"Geelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021041905452149100_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00232939","article-title":"Easy determination of ploidy level in Arabidopsis thaliana plants by means of pollen size measurement","volume":"13","author":"Altmann","year":"1994","journal-title":"Plant Cell Rep"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000272","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000272","article-title":"Spindle positioning, meiotic nonreduction, and polyploidy in plants","volume":"4","author":"Andreuzza","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2005.02456.x","article-title":"Confocal microscopy of whole ovules for analysis of reproductive development: the elongate1 mutant affects meiosis II","volume":"43","author":"Barrell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plant J"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03005.x","article-title":"Tansley Review No. 78. Gametes with the somatic chromosome-number: mechanisms of their formation and role in the evolution of autopolyploid plants","volume":"129","author":"Bretagnolle","year":"1995","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1672-9072.2007.00538.x","article-title":"The pleiomorphic plant MTOC: an evolutionary perspective","volume":"49","author":"Brown","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Integr Plant Biol"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.2174\/138920207780833847","article-title":"Meiosis-driven genome variation in plants","volume":"8","author":"Cai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Genomics"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1007\/s001220051095","article-title":"Uses and usefulness of endosperm balance number","volume":"98","author":"Carputo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Theor Appl Genet"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7257","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0810992106","article-title":"Proliferation and cell fate establishment during Arabidopsis male gametogenesis depends on the retinoblastoma protein","volume":"106","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R888","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(00)00858-7","article-title":"PIN domains in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and RNAi","volume":"10","author":"Clissold","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1711","article-title":"The advantages and disadvantages of being polyploid","volume":"6","author":"Comai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025636321757","article-title":"Elucidation of meiotic nuclear restitution mechanisms in potato through analysis of microtubular cytoskeleton","volume":"133","author":"Conicella","year":"2003","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s10681-006-9136-1","article-title":"The production of 2n pollen in rose","volume":"151","author":"Crespel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000989","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000989","article-title":"The cyclin-A CYCA1;2\/TAM is required for the meiosis I to meiosis II transition and cooperates with OSD1 for the prophase to first meiotic division transition","volume":"6","author":"d'Erfurth","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b14","first-page":"e100124","article-title":"Turning meiosis into mitosis","volume":"7","author":"d\u2019Erfurth","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000274","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000274","article-title":"Mutations in AtPS1 (Arabidopsis thaliana parallel spindle 1) lead to the production of diploid pollen grains","volume":"4","author":"d\u2019Erfurth","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.104.053165","article-title":"Male germ line development in Arabidopsis: duo pollen mutants reveal gametophytic regulators of generative cell cycle progression","volume":"137","author":"Durbarry","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plant Physiol"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80340-8","article-title":"The FHA domain is a modular phosphopeptide recognition motif","volume":"4","author":"Durocher","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(01)03294-X","article-title":"The FHA domain","volume":"513","author":"Durocher","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000663","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000663","article-title":"Imprinting of the Polycomb group gene MEDEA serves as a ploidy sensor in Arabidopsis","volume":"5","author":"Erilova","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.106.085274","article-title":"Separation of Arabidopsis pollen tetrads is regulated by QUARTET1, a pectin methylesterase gene","volume":"142","author":"Francis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Physiol"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1126\/science.220.4601.1049","article-title":"Rapid flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in intact plant tissues","volume":"220","author":"Galbraith","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1139\/g98-063","article-title":"\u03b1-Tubulin and F-actin distribution during microsporogenesis in a 2n pollen producer of Solanum","volume":"41","author":"Genualdo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genome"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.104.037788","article-title":"Aneuploidy and genetic variation in the Arabidopsis thaliana triploid response","volume":"170","author":"Henry","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b24","first-page":"421","article-title":"Mechanisms and genetic implications of 2n-gamete formation","volume":"58","author":"Hermsen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Iowa State J Res"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2004.00339.x","article-title":"The role of triploid hybrids in the evolutionary dynamics of mixed-ploidy populations","volume":"82","author":"Husband","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol J Linn Soc Lond"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00023761","article-title":"A statistical mixture model for estimating the proportion of unreduced pollen grains in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) via the size of pollen grains","volume":"70","author":"Jansen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b27","article-title":"Classical and Molecular Cytogenetics of Arabidopsis thaliana","author":"Jones","year":"1996"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2009.12.006","article-title":"The impact of the triploid block on the origin and evolution of polyploid plants","volume":"26","author":"K\u00f6hler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4143","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.113.23.4143","article-title":"The FHA domain mediates phosphoprotein interactions","volume":"113","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00281656","article-title":"Sexual polyploidization and depolyploidization: some terminology and definitions","volume":"48","author":"Mendiburu","year":"1976","journal-title":"Theor Appl Genet"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.203201","article-title":"SWITCH1 (SWI1): a novel protein required for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion and for bivalent formation at meiosis","volume":"15","author":"Mercier","year":"2001","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1306","article-title":"Microtubule-dependent microtubule nucleation based on recruitment of gamma-tubulin in higher plants","volume":"7","author":"Murata","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.105.039644","article-title":"Gamma-tubulin is essential for microtubule organization and development in Arabidopsis","volume":"18","author":"Pastuglia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/153.4.1493","article-title":"Meiotic mutants in potato: valuable variants","volume":"153","author":"Peloquin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00038921","article-title":"Re-examination of the mechanisms of 2n-gamete formation in potato and its implications for breeding","volume":"28","author":"Ramanna","year":"1979","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.467","article-title":"Pathways, mechanisms, and rates of polyploid formation in flowering plants","volume":"29","author":"Ramsey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu Rev Ecol Syst"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06557","article-title":"Gamete formation without meiosis in Arabidopsis","volume":"451","author":"Ravi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.2307\/3869782","article-title":"The ovule and the embryo sac","volume":"5","author":"Reiser","year":"1993","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.1998.00183.x","article-title":"Tetrad pollen formation in quartet mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana is associated with persistence of pectic polysaccharides of the pollen mother cell wall","volume":"15","author":"Rhee","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plant J"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/54.2.505","article-title":"Induction of chromosome doubling at meiosis by elongate gene in maize","author":"Rhoades","year":"1966"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02261778","article-title":"A light microscopic atlas of meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"4","author":"Ross","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chromosome Res"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3329","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.125.17.3329","article-title":"Parent-of-origin effects on seed development in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"125","author":"Scott","year":"1998","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.016501","article-title":"Gamma-tubulin in basal land plants: characterization, localization, and implication in the evolution of acentriolar microtubule organizing centers","volume":"16","author":"Shimamura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2021041905452149100_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01279570","article-title":"Centrin homologues in higher plants are prominently associated with the developing cell plate","volume":"196","author":"Vecchio","year":"1996","journal-title":"Protoplasma"}],"container-title":["Plant Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plphys\/article-pdf\/155\/3\/1403\/37123194\/plphys_v155_3_1403.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plphys\/article-pdf\/155\/3\/1403\/37123194\/plphys_v155_3_1403.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T21:30:26Z","timestamp":1637184626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plphys\/article\/155\/3\/1403\/6111580"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,21]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1104\/pp.110.170415","relation":{},"ISSN":["1532-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1532-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,21]]}}}