{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:15:29Z","timestamp":1790669729537,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Arabidopsis thaliana UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8) is a photoreceptor specifically for UV-B light that initiates photomorphogenic responses in plants. UV-B exposure causes rapid conversion of UVR8 from dimer to monomer, accumulation in the nucleus, and interaction with CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1), which functions with UVR8 in UV-B responses. Studies in yeast and with purified UVR8 implicate several tryptophan amino acids in UV-B photoreception. However, their roles in UV-B responses in plants, and the functional significance of all 14 UVR8 tryptophans, are not known. Here we report the functions of the UVR8 tryptophans in vivo. Three tryptophans in the \u03b2-propeller core are important in maintaining structural stability and function of UVR8. However, mutation of three other core tryptophans and four at the dimeric interface has no apparent effect on function in vivo. Mutation of three tryptophans implicated in UV-B photoreception, W233, W285, and W337, impairs photomorphogenic responses to different extents. W285 is essential for UVR8 function in plants, whereas W233 is important but not essential for function, and W337 has a lesser role. Ala mutants of these tryptophans appear monomeric and constitutively bind COP1 in plants, but their responses indicate that monomer formation and COP1 binding are not sufficient for UVR8 function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.112.101451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,26]],"date-time":"2012-09-26T11:16:23Z","timestamp":1348658183000},"page":"3755-3766","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["In Vivo Function of Tryptophans in the\n                    <i>Arabidopsis<\/i>\n                    UV-B Photoreceptor UVR8"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"O\u2019Hara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gareth I.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021040706094289300_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2008","article-title":"HERC2 coordinates ubiquitin-dependent assembly of DNA repair factors on damaged chromosomes","volume":"12","author":"Bekker-Jensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18225","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507187102","article-title":"A UV-B-specific signaling component orchestrates plant UV protection","volume":"102","author":"Brown","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2009.00579.x","article-title":"UV-B action spectrum for UVR8-mediated HY5 transcript accumulation in Arabidopsis","volume":"85","author":"Brown","year":"2009","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.107.108456","article-title":"UV-B signaling pathways with different fluence-rate response profiles are distinguished in mature Arabidopsis leaf tissue by requirement for UVR8, HY5, and HYH","volume":"146","author":"Brown","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.58.032806.103951","article-title":"Phototropin blue-light receptors","volume":"58","author":"Christie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Plant Biol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1218091","article-title":"Plant UVR8 photoreceptor senses UV-B by tryptophan-mediated disruption of cross-dimer salt bridges","volume":"335","author":"Christie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/mp\/ssm012","article-title":"Interaction of the Arabidopsis UV-B-specific signaling component UVR8 with chromatin","volume":"1","author":"Cloix","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Plant"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2009.4","article-title":"Interaction of COP1 and UVR8 regulates UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis and stress acclimation in Arabidopsis","volume":"28","author":"Favory","year":"2009","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erp304","article-title":"Phytochrome functions in Arabidopsis development","volume":"61","author":"Franklin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.103.030049","article-title":"Ultraviolet-B radiation-mediated responses in plants. Balancing damage and protection","volume":"133","author":"Frohnmeyer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-289-2_14","article-title":"The determination of protein-protein interactions by the mating-based split-ubiquitin system (mbSUS)","volume":"479","author":"Grefen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20132","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0914532107","article-title":"Negative feedback regulation of UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis and stress acclimation in Arabidopsis","volume":"107","author":"Gruber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2012.01.007","article-title":"UV-B photoreceptor-mediated signalling in plants","volume":"17","author":"Heijde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.109.072520","article-title":"Arabidopsis PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR proteins promote phytochrome B polyubiquitination by COP1 E3 ligase in the nucleus","volume":"22","author":"Jang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092953","article-title":"Signal transduction in responses to UV-B radiation","volume":"60","author":"Jenkins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Plant Biol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2049","article-title":"Light-regulated transcriptional networks in higher plants","volume":"8","author":"Jiao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2662","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.107.053330","article-title":"UV-B promotes rapid nuclear translocation of the Arabidopsis UV-B specific signaling component UVR8 and activates its function in the nucleus","volume":"19","author":"Kaiserli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.005041","article-title":"Arabidopsis UVR8 regulates ultraviolet-B signal transduction and tolerance and contains sequence similarity to human regulator of chromatin condensation 1","volume":"130","author":"Kliebenstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1562\/2006-02-28-IR-826","article-title":"Cryptochrome signaling in plants","volume":"83","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.105.040097","article-title":"CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 is required for the UV-B response in Arabidopsis","volume":"18","author":"Oravecz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/32204","article-title":"The 1.7 A crystal structure of the regulator of chromosome condensation (RCC1) reveals a seven-bladed propeller","volume":"392","author":"Renault","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1200660","article-title":"Perception of UV-B by the Arabidopsis UVR8 protein","volume":"332","author":"Rizzini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b23","first-page":"88","article-title":"The Arabidopsis bZIP transcription factor HY5 regulates expression of the PFG1\/MYB12 gene in response to light and ultraviolet-B radiation","volume":"33","author":"Stracke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308044100","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of gene expression reveals function of the bZIP transcription factor HY5 in the UV-B response of Arabidopsis","volume":"101","author":"Ulm","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2005.07.004","article-title":"Signalling and gene regulation in response to ultraviolet light","volume":"8","author":"Ulm","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Plant Biol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2009.02855.x","article-title":"UVR8 in Arabidopsis thaliana regulates multiple aspects of cellular differentiation during leaf development in response to ultraviolet B radiation","volume":"183","author":"Wargent","year":"2009","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10931","article-title":"Structural basis of ultraviolet-B perception by UVR8","volume":"484","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021040706094289300_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1021\/ci200017f","article-title":"Computational evidence for the role of Arabidopsis thaliana UVR8 as UV-B photoreceptor and identification of its chromophore amino acids","volume":"51","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Chem. Inf. 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