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Among the different treatments proposed, strontium-based drugs have been shown to increase bone mass in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and to reduce fracture risk. While the localization of Sr<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>cations in the bone matrix has been extensively studied, little is known regarding the status of Sr<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>cations in natural biological apatite. In this investigation the local environment of Sr<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>cations has been investigated through XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure) spectroscopy in a set of pathological and physiological apatites. To assess the localization of Sr<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>cations in these biological apatites, numerical simulations using the<jats:italic>ab initio<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>FEFF9<\/jats:italic>X-ray spectroscopy program have been performed. The complete set of data show that the XANES part of the absorption spectra may be used as a fingerprint to determine the localization of Sr<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>cations<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>the mineral part of calcifications. More precisely, it appears that a relationship exists between some features present in the XANES part and a Sr<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>substitution process in site (I) of crystal apatite. Regarding the data, further experiments are needed to confirm a possible link between the relationship between the preparation mode of the calcification (cellular activity for physiological calcification and precipitation for the pathological one) and the adsorption mode of Sr<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>cations (simple adsorption or insertion). Is it possible to draw a line between life and chemistry through the localization of Sr in apatite? The question is open for discussion. A better structural description of these physiological and pathological calcifications will help to develop specific therapies targeting the demineralization process in the case of osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1107\/s0909049511032651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,15]],"date-time":"2011-09-15T18:23:49Z","timestamp":1316111029000},"page":"912-918","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1107\/cm_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The status of strontium in biological apatites: an\u00a0XANES investigation"],"prefix":"10.1107","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Bazin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Daudon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ch.","family":"Chappard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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