{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:40:53Z","timestamp":1785415253813,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXC 2033-390677874 \u2013 RESOLV"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC 2033-390677874 \u2013 RESOLV"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HU1782\/5-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HU1782\/5-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iucr.org","wiley.com","iucrj.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem","Acta Crystallogr C","Acta Crystallogr C Cryst Struct Commun","Acta Cryst C","Acta Cryst C Struct Chem","Acta Cryst Sect C","Acta Cryst Sect C Struct Chem","Acta Crystallogr Sect C","Acta Crystallogr Sect C Struct Chem","Acta Crystallogr Sect C Cryst Struct Commun"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    1,3-Bis(benzimidazoliumyl)benzene-based chalcogen-bonding catalysts were previously successfully applied in different benchmark reactions. In one of those examples,\n                    <jats:italic>i.e.<\/jats:italic>\n                    the activation of quinolines, sulfur- and selenium-based chalcogen-bonding catalysts showed comparable properties, which is unexpected, as the selenium-containing catalysts should show superior catalytic properties due to the increased polarizability of selenium compared to sulfur. Herein, we present four crystal structures of the respective 1,3-bis(benzimidazoliumyl)benzene-based chalcogen-bonding catalyst containing sulfur (\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      3\n                      <jats:sup>S<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    ) and selenium (\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      3\n                      <jats:sup>Se<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    , three forms) as Lewis acidic centres. The sulfur-containing catalyst shows weaker chalcogen bonding compared to its selenium analogue, as well as anion\u2013\u03c0 interactions. The selenium-based analogues, on the other hand, show stronger chalcogen-bonding motifs compared to the sulfur equivalent, depending on the crystallization conditions, but in every case, the intermolecular interactions are comparable in strength. Other interactions, such as hydrogen bonding and anion\u2013\u03c0, were also observed, but in the latter case, the interaction distances are longer compared to those of the sulfur-based equivalent. The solid-state structures could not further explain the high catalytic activity of the sulfur-containing catalysts. Therefore, a comparison of their \u03c3-hole depths from density functional theory (DFT) gas-phase calculations was performed, which are again in line with the previously found properties in the solid-state structures.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1107\/s2053229622011536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,4]],"date-time":"2022-12-04T10:10:50Z","timestamp":1670148650000},"page":"26-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1107\/cm_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Chalcogen bonding in the solid-state structures of 1,3-bis(benzimidazoliumyl)benzene-based chalcogen-bonding donors"],"prefix":"10.1107","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Tim","family":"Steinke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tsk2644","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"department":["Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Chemie und Biochemie"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4640-6260","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elric","family":"Engelage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tsk2644","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"department":["Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Chemie und Biochemie"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8196-5207","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefan M.","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tsk2644","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"department":["Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Chemie und Biochemie"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"329","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"qw3003_bb1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1515\/pac-2018-0713","volume":"91","author":"Aakeroy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pure Appl. 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