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It is linked to chronic periodontitis, gingivitis and aggressive periodontitis. <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> exerts its pathogenic effects through mechanisms such as immune evasion and tissue destruction, primarily by secreting various factors, including cysteine proteases such as gingipain K (Kgp), gingipain R (RgpA and RgpB) and PrtH (UniProtKB ID P46071). Virulence proteins comprise multiple domains, including the pro-peptide region, catalytic domain, K domain, R domain and DUF2436 domain. While there is a growing database of knowledge on virulence proteins and domains, there was no prior evidence or information regarding the structure and biological function of\u00a0the well conserved DUF2436 domain. In this study, the DUF2436 domain of PrtH from <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>DUF2436) was determined at 2.21\u2005\u00c5 resolution, revealing a noncanonical \u03b2-jelly-roll sandwich topology with two antiparallel \u03b2-sheets and one short \u03b1-helix. Although the structure of <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>DUF2436 was determined by the molecular-replacement method using an <jats:italic>AlphaFold<\/jats:italic> model structure as a template, there were significant differences in the positions of \u03b21 between the <jats:italic>AlphaFold<\/jats:italic> model and the experimentally determined <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>DUF2436 structure. The <jats:italic>Basic Local Alignment Search Tool<\/jats:italic> sequence-similarity search program showed no sequentially similar proteins in the Protein Data Bank. However, <jats:italic>DaliLite<\/jats:italic> search results using structure-based alignment revealed that the <jats:italic>Pg<\/jats:italic>DUF2436 structure has structural similarity <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>-scores of 5.9\u20135.4 with the C-terminal domain of AlgF, the D4 domain of cytolysin, IglE and the extracellular domain structure of PepT2. This study has elucidated the structure of the DUF2436 domain for the first time and a comparative analysis with similar structures has been performed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1107\/s2053230x24008185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T16:22:29Z","timestamp":1727367749000},"page":"252-262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1107\/cm_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First crystal structure of the DUF2436 domain of virulence proteins from <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1107","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Bogeun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9835-5912","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jisub","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sehyeok","family":"Im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hackwon","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8471-0576","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youn-Soo","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4831-2228","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun Hyuck","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"329","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"yg5009_bb53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1107\/S2059798323003595","volume":"79","author":"Agirre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Cryst. 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