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Individual drops with volumes as small as \u223c65\u2005pl were rapidly cooled to achieve the glass phase, and their densities at<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>= 77\u2005K were determined by cryoflotation. These densities were used to determine the glass-phase electron density of each solution and its volume thermal contraction between room temperature and 77\u2005K. When combined with data for the critical cooling rates required to achieve the glass phase<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>CPA concentration, these yield alternative measures of cryoprotectant effectiveness. These reference data will aid in minimizing sample stresses and mechanical damage in cryocrystallography, in cryogenic temperature X-ray imaging and in vitrification-based cryopreservation protocols, and in maximizing electron-density contrast between cryoprotectant solutions and biomolecules in cryogenic temperature small-angle X-ray scattering experiments and cryo-electron microscopy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1107\/s2059798318003078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]],"date-time":"2018-04-27T14:56:53Z","timestamp":1524841013000},"page":"471-479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1107\/cm_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Density and electron density of aqueous cryoprotectant solutions at cryogenic temperatures for optimized cryoprotection and diffraction contrast"],"prefix":"10.1107","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Tyree","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritwik","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Thorne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"329","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"di5016_bb1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1107\/S090744490903995X","volume":"66","author":"Alcorn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Cryst. 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