{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:08:29Z","timestamp":1754154509293,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,21]],"date-time":"2008-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1206057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to report the findings of research into the extent and impact of restricted access by specific groups of staff to ICT\u2010based communications in UK further and higher education institutions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>An exploratory approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods. A questionnaire survey was distributed to all HEFCE\u2010funded institutions in the UK. Six institutions acted as case study sites for in\u2010depth qualitative investigation using documentary analysis and semi\u2010structured interviews.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lack of hardware and network infrastructure posed less of a barrier than lack of ICT skills, lack of motivation either to use computers or to gain ICT skills, and line manager resistance to staff using computers or accessing ICT training in work time. Job function was the factor most associated with lack of access, with cleaning, catering and estates staff least likely to have access. However, there were also many examples of good practice to extend staff access, particularly with regard to ICT training. The research concludes that one of the main concerns for institutions is to \u201cwin the hearts and minds\u201d of non\u2010desk staff and their managers. The development of an institutional communication strategy is identified as being of critical importance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Provides a \u201csnapshot\u201d of the prevailing situation at the point of data collection rather than a longitudinal insight into developments in access over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The first comprehensive analysis of staff access to ICT in UK further and higher education. In addition to highlighting examples of good practice for dissemination across the sector, the research provides information about gaps in provision to inform the targeting of future initiatives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/00012530810862473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,5]],"date-time":"2008-04-05T07:01:35Z","timestamp":1207378895000},"page":"143-157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["\u201cCleaners don't need computers\u201d: bridging the digital divide in the workplace"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Louise","family":"Cooke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b1","unstructured":"Becta (2004), ICT and E\u2010learning: Embedded Technology, Evolving Practice, Becta, Coventry, available at: http:\/\/ferl.becta.org.uk\/display.cfm?resid=7896 (accessed 1 March 2007)."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bozionelos, N. (2004), \u201cSocio\u2010economic background and computer use: the role of computer anxiety and computer experience in their relationship\u201d, International Journal of Human\u2010Computer Studies, Vol. 61 No. 5, pp. 725\u201046.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2004.07.001"},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b3","unstructured":"Castells, M. (2000), The Rise of the Network Society, 2nd ed., Blackwell, Oxford."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b4","unstructured":"Cooke, L., Greenwood, H. and Maynard, S. (2006), Staff Access to ICT Based Communications, JISC, Bristol, available at: www.jisc.ac.uk\/media\/documents\/programmes\/jos\/jisc%20staff%20access%20to%20ict_final%20report.pdf (accessed 13 March 2007)."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b5","unstructured":"DfES (2005), Harnessing Technology: Transforming Learning and Children's Services, DfES, Nottingham, available at: www.dfes.gov.uk\/publications\/e\u2010strategy\/docs\/e\u2010strategy.pdf (accessed 23 February 2007)."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b6","unstructured":"Edvinsson, L. and Malone, M.S. (1997), Intellectual Capital, 2nd ed., Piatkus, London."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b7","unstructured":"Feather, J. (2004), The Information Society: A Study of Continuity and Change, 2nd ed., Facet, London."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Golding, P. and Murdock, G. (2001), \u201cDigital divides: communications policy and its contradictions\u201d, New Economy, Vol. 8 No. 2, pp. 110\u20105.","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0041.00196"},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b10","unstructured":"Hellawell, S. (2001), Beyond Access: ICT and Social Inclusion, Fabian Society, London."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b9","unstructured":"HEFCE (2005), HEFCE Strategy for E\u2010learning, HEFCE, Bristol, available at: www.hefce.ac.uk\/pubs\/hefce\/2005\/05_12\/05_12.pdf (accessed 23 February 2007)."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b11","unstructured":"Mossberger, K., Tolbert, C.J. and Stansbury, M. (2003), Virtual Inequality: Beyond the Digital Divide, Georgetown University Press, Washington, DC."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b12","unstructured":"Murdock, G. and Golding, P. (2001), \u201cDigital possibilities, market realities: the contradictions of communications convergence\u201d, in Panitch, L. and Leys, C. (Eds), A World of Contradictions \u2013 Socialist Register, Merlin Press and Monthly Review Press, London and New York, NY, pp. 111\u201029."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Norris, P. (2001), Digital Divide: Civic Engagement, Information Poverty and the Internet, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139164887"},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b14","unstructured":"People's Network (2007), People's Network, available at: www.peoplesnetwork.gov.uk\/ (accessed 26 February 2007)."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b15","unstructured":"Phipps, L., Witt, N. and Kelly, B. (2005), \u201cTowards a pragmatic framework for e\u2010learning\u201d, Ariadne, Vol. 44, July, available at: www.ariadne.ac.uk\/issue44\/phipps\/ (accessed 1 March 2007)."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Servon, L.J. (2002), Bridging the Digital Divide: Technology, Community and Public Policy, Blackwell, Oxford.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470773529"},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b17","unstructured":"Stake, R. (1995), The Art of Case Study Research, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b18","unstructured":"UCISA (2006) Vol. 1, Higher Education Information Technology Statistics 2005, UCISA, Oxford, available at: www.ucisa.ac.uk\/activities\/stats\/stats05.htm (accessed 1 March 2007)."},{"key":"key2022012720204880600_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wallis, J. (2005), \u201cThe web, accessibility, and inclusion: networked democracy in the United Kingdom\u201d, Library Review, Vol. 54 No. 8, pp. 479\u201085.","DOI":"10.1108\/00242530510619183"}],"container-title":["Aslib Proceedings"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/00012530810862473","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/00012530810862473\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/00012530810862473\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T11:36:54Z","timestamp":1753357014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ajim\/article\/60\/2\/143-157\/63336"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,21]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,21]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/00012530810862473"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/00012530810862473","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-253X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0001-253X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,21]]}}}