{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T22:42:17Z","timestamp":1769812937137,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,14]],"date-time":"2008-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1226620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper aims to present selected findings of a recent study of serendipity in information seeking, exploring the paradox of control inherent in the concept of \u201cseeking serendipity\u201d.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>After providing an overview of the research study, the paper locates the research findings in the context of the literature. The discussion explores the research findings in relation to both the paradox of control and the related concept of \u201cseeking serendipity\u201d.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The definition\/description of serendipity is examined, the concept of process\u2010perception duality is introduced, and links with the literature are explored. The discussion reassesses the paradox of control in light of the research findings, raising the possibility that information literacy educators have a role to play in developing the perception aspect of serendipity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper proposes that, despite the possibly uncomfortable challenges presented by the paradox of control, serendipity deserves more recognition in professional practice. Increased acknowledgement and understanding of serendipity may enable professional practitioners to function more effectively in the unpredictable, dynamic environment that informs the reality of information seeking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper adds to the limited existing empirical research investigating serendipity, increasing both academic and practical understanding of the phenomenon. In particular, the introduction of the concept of process\u2010perception duality provides a useful grounding for future research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/00012530810924294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,22]],"date-time":"2008-11-22T07:01:21Z","timestamp":1227337281000},"page":"600-618","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Seeking serendipity: the paradox of control"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Abigail","family":"McBirnie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b2","unstructured":"ACRL (Association of College and Research Libraries) (2000), Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education, ACRL, Chicago, IL, available at: www.ala.org\/ala\/acrl\/acrlstandards\/informationliteracycompetency.cfm (accessed 10 November 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b1","unstructured":"Anciaux, A. (1994), \u201cThe serendipitous effects of disaster management by non\u2010profit organizations: study cases in Jamaica, Costa Rica and Dominican Republic\u201d, Society for Applied Anthropology Annual Meeting, Cancun, available at: www.ulb.ac.be\/project\/feerie\/AA33.html (accessed 21 July 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b5","unstructured":"Bar\u2010Yam, Y. (2000a), Chaos, Concepts in Complex Systems, New England Complex Systems Institute, Cambridge, MA, available at: http:\/\/necsi.org\/guide\/concepts\/chaos.html (accessed 5 May, 2008)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b6","unstructured":"Bar\u2010Yam, Y. (2000b), Chaos vs complex systems, Concepts in Complex Systems, New England Complex Systems Institute, Cambridge, MA, available at: http:\/\/necsi.org\/guide\/concepts\/chaoscomplex.html (accessed 5 May 2008)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b3","unstructured":"Barber, B. (1952), Science and the Social Order, The Free Press, Glencoe, IL."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrett, F.J. (1998), \u201cCreativity and improvisation in jazz and organizations: implications for organizational learning\u201d, Organization Science, Vol. 9 No. 5, pp. 605\u201022.","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.9.5.605"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b7","unstructured":"Beacham, F. (2001), \u201cThe loss of serendipity\u201d, TV Technology, 3 October, available at: www.tvtechnology.com\/features\/Net\u2010soup\/f\u2010fb\u2010serendipity.shtml (accessed 3 November 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b9","unstructured":"Berlin\u2010Johnson, S. (2006), \u201cCan we please kill this meme now?\u201d, available at: www.stevenberlinjohnson.com\/2006\/05\/can_we_please_k.html (accessed 3 November 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berliner, P. (1994), Thinking in Jazz: The Infinite Art of Improvisation, University of Chicago Press, London.","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226044521.001.0001"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b11","unstructured":"Boyce, B., Meadow, C. and Kraft, D. (1994), Measurement in Information Science, Academic Press, San Diego, CA."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boyd, A. (2004), \u201cMulti\u2010channel information seeking: a fuzzy conceptual model\u201d, Aslib Proceedings, Vol. 56 No. 2, pp. 81\u20108.","DOI":"10.1108\/00012530410529440"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b12","unstructured":"Bruce, C. (1997), The Seven Faces of Information Literacy, Aus\u2010lib Press, Adelaide."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b13","unstructured":"Carr, N. (2006), \u201cThe engine of serendipity\u201d, Rough Type: Nicholas Carr's Blog, 18 May, available at: www.roughtype.com\/archives\/2006\/05\/the_systematize.php (accessed 3 November 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b14","unstructured":"Case, D. (2007), Looking for Information, 2nd ed., Academic Press, London."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cole, C. and Leide, J. (2006), \u201cA cognitive framework for human information behavior: the place of metaphor in human information organizing behavior\u201d, in Spink, A. and Cole, C. (Eds), New Directions in Human Information Behavior, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 171\u2010202.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3670-1_10"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b16","unstructured":"de Rond, M. (2005), \u201cThe structure of serendipity\u201d, Cambridge Judge Business School Working Paper No: 07\/2005, University of Cambridge, Cambridge."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b17","unstructured":"Dervin, B. (1992), \u201cFrom the mind's eye of the user: the sense\u2010making qualitative\u2010quantitative methodology\u201d, in Glazier, J. and Powell, R. (Eds), Qualitative Research in Information Management, Libraries Unlimited, Englewood, CO."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ellis, D. (1989), \u201cA behavioural model for information retrieval system design\u201d, Journal of Information Science, Vol. 15 Nos 4\/5, pp. 237\u201047.","DOI":"10.1177\/016555158901500406"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Erdelez, S. (1999), \u201cInformation encountering: it's more than just bumping into information\u201d, Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp. 25\u20109.","DOI":"10.1002\/bult.118"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b20","unstructured":"Ertzscheid, O., Gallezot, G. and Boutin, E. (2007), \u201cDocumentary perspectives about search engines: between serendipity and commercial logics\u201d, Archive Ouverte en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication, available at: http:\/\/archivesic.ccsd.cnrs.fr\/sic_00172169\/fr\/ (accessed 9 November 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fine, G. and Deegan, J. (1996), \u201cThree principles of serendip: insight, chance, and discovery in qualitative research\u201d, Qualitative Studies in Education, Vol. 9 No. 4, available at: www.ul\/ie\/\u223cphilos\/vol2\/deegan.html (accessed 21 July 2007).","DOI":"10.1080\/0951839960090405"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fischer, M. and Froehlich, J. (Eds) (2001), Knowledge, Complexity and Innovation Systems, Springer\u2010Verlag, Berlin.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-04546-6_1"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b23","unstructured":"Fisher, K. and Naumer, C. (2006), in Spink, A. and Cole, C. (Eds), New Directions in Human Information Behavior, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 93\u2010112."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ford, N. (2004), \u201cModeling cognitive processes in information seeking: from Popper to Pask\u201d, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Vol. 55 No. 9, pp. 769\u201082.","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20021"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b25","unstructured":"Foster, A. (2005), \u201cA non\u2010linear model of information seeking behaviour\u201d, Information Research, Vol. 10 No. 2, available at: http:\/\/informationr.net\/ir\/10\u20102\/paper222.html (accessed 16 June 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foster, A. (2006), \u201cA non\u2010linear perspective on information seeking\u201d, in Spink, A. and Cole, C. (Eds), New Directions in Human Information Behavior, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 155\u201070.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3670-1_9"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foster, A. and Ford, N. (2003), \u201cSerendipity and information seeking: an empirical study\u201d, Journal of Documentation, Vol. 59 No. 3, pp. 321\u201040.","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410310472518"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Froehlich, T. (1994), \u201cRelevance reconsidered \u2013 towards an agenda for the 21st century: introduction to special topic issue on relevance research\u201d, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Vol. 45 No. 3, pp. 124\u201034.","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(199404)45:3<124::AID-ASI2>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b29","unstructured":"Gherardi, S. (2006), Organizational Knowledge: The Texture of Workplace Learning, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b30","unstructured":"Gibson, J. (1986), The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception, Laurence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b31","unstructured":"Green, D. (2004), The Serendipity Machine, Allen & Unwin, Crows Nest."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b32","unstructured":"Hannan, P.J. (2006), Serendipity, Luck and Wisdom in Research, iUniverse, Lincoln, NE."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harter, S. (1992), \u201cPsychological relevance and information science\u201d, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Vol. 43 No. 9, pp. 602\u201015.","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(199210)43:9<602::AID-ASI3>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b34","unstructured":"Heble, A. (2000), Landing on the Wrong Note: Jazz, Dissonance, and Critical Practice, Routledge, London."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heinstrom, J. (2005), \u201cFast surfing, broad scanning and deep diving: the influence of personality and study approach on students' information\u2010seeking behavior\u201d, Journal of Documentation, Vol. 61 No. 2, pp. 228\u201047.","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410510585205"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b36","unstructured":"Helft, M. (2007), \u201cA way to find your corner of the internet sky\u201d, Business Section, The New York Times, 7 October, p. 4."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b37","unstructured":"Herner, S. (1970), \u201cBrowsing\u201d, in Kent, A. and Lancour, H. (Eds), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, Vol. 3, Marcel Dekker, New York, NY, pp. 408\u201015."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b38","unstructured":"Ingwersen, P. and J\u00e4rvelin, K. (2005), The Turn, Springer, Dordrecht."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b39","unstructured":"Jarrett, M. (1999), Drifting on a Read: Jazz as a Model for Writing, State University of New York Press, Albany, NY."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b40","unstructured":"Koenig, M. (2000), \u201cWhy serendipity is the key to innovation\u201d, Knowledge Management Review, Vol. 3 No. 2, pp. 10\u201011."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b44","unstructured":"McBirnie, A. (2008), \u201cA model of serendipity in information seeking\u201d, MA dissertation, Thames Valley University, London."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b41","unstructured":"MacDonald, S. (1998), Information for Innovation, Oxford University Press, Oxford."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b45","unstructured":"McKeen, W. (2006), \u201cThe endangered joy of serendipity\u201d, St Petersburg Times, 26 March, available at: www.sptimes.com\/2006\/03\/26\/news_pf\/Perspective\/Theendangered_joy_of.shtml (accessed 3 November 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKenzie, P.J. (2003), \u201cA model of information practices in accounts of everyday\u2010life information seeking\u201d, Journal of Documentation, Vol. 59 No. 1, pp. 19\u201040.","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410310457993"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Madden, A., Bryson, J. and Palimi, J. (2006), \u201cInformation behavior in pre\u2010literate societies\u201d, in Spink, A. and Cole, C. (Eds), New Directions in Human Information Behavior, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 33\u201054.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3670-1_3"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahoney, M. (2007), \u201cConstructive complexity and human change processes\u201d, Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, Vol. 52, pp. 245\u201073.","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt1djmh0r.10"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendonca, D. (2007), \u201cDecision support for improvisation in response to extreme events: learning from the response to the 2001 World Trade Center attack\u201d, Decision Support Systems, Vol. 43 No. 3, pp. 952\u201067, available at: http:\/\/web.njit.edu\/ \u223c\u2009mendonca\/papers\/xedss.pdf (accessed 21 July 2007).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2005.05.025"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b48","unstructured":"Mendonca, D. and Wallace, W.A. (2004), \u201cCognition in jazz improvisation: an exploratory study\u201d, Cognitive Science Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, August, pp. 5\u20108, available at: http:\/\/web.njit.edu\/\u223cmendonca\/papers\/jazzimp.pdf (accessed 21 July 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merton, R.K. (1948), \u201cThe bearing of empirical research upon the development of social theory\u201d, American Sociological Review, Vol. 13 No. 5, pp. 505\u201015.","DOI":"10.2307\/2087142"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b50","unstructured":"Merton, R.K. and Barber, E. (2004), The Travels and Adventures of Serendipity, Princeton University Press, Oxford."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monson, I. (1996), Saying Something: Jazz Improvisation and Interaction, University of Chicago Press, London.","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226534794.001.0001"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b52","unstructured":"Ortegon\u2010Monroy, M. (1999), \u201cChaos and complexity theory: a review of its status, perspectives and implications for management\u201d, University of Lincolnshire and Humberside Faculty of Business and Management Working Paper 36, University of Lincolnshire and Humberside, Kingston upon Hull."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prekop, P. (2002), \u201cA qualitative study of collaborative information seeking\u201d, Journal of Documentation, Vol. 58 No. 5, pp. 533\u201047.","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410210441000"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pressing, J. (1987), \u201cImprovisation: methods and models\u201d, in Sloboda, J. (Ed.), Generative Processes in Music, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 129\u201078.","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198508465.003.0007"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b55","unstructured":"Roberts, R.M. (1989), Serendipity: Accidental Discoveries in Science, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b56","unstructured":"Robson, C. (2002), Real World Research, 2nd ed., Blackwell, Oxford."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b57","unstructured":"Schmidt, E. (2006), \u201cHow we're doing and where we're going\u201d, Google Inc. Press Day 2006, 10 May, available at: www.google.com\/press\/pressday.html (accessed 10 November 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b66","unstructured":"SCONUL (Standing Conference of National and University Libraries) (1999), Information Skills in Higher Education, SCONUL, London."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b58","unstructured":"Silk, D. (2007), Report Writing, Henley Management College, Henley\u2010on\u2010Thames."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b59","unstructured":"Slaven, D. (1997), \u201cWave\u2010particle duality: light\u201d, The Page of Uncertainty, available at: http:\/\/my.morningside.edu\/slaven\/Physics\/uncertainty\/uncertainty2.html (accessed 29 December 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spink, A. (2004), \u201cMultitasking information behavior: an exploratory study\u201d, Journal of Documentation, Vol. 60 No. 4, pp. 336\u201051.","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410410548126"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spink, A. and Cole, C. (2004), \u201cIntroduction to information seeking research\u201d, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Vol. 55 No. 8, pp. 657\u20109.","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20014"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spink, A. and Cole, C. (Eds.) (2006), New Directions in Human Information Behavior, Springer, Dordrecht.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3670-1"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spink, A. and Currier, J. (2006), \u201cEmerging evolutionary approach to human information behavior\u201d, in Spink, A. and Cole, C. (Eds), New Directions in Human Information Behavior, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 13\u201032.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3670-1"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spink, A., Park, M. and Cole, C. (2006), \u201cMultitasking and co\u2010ordinating framework for human information behavior\u201d, in Spink, A. and Cole, C. (Eds), New Directions in Human Information Behavior, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 137\u201054.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3670-1_8"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b65","unstructured":"Stacey, R., Griffin, D. and Shaw, P. (2000), Complexity and Management, Routledge, London."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b67","unstructured":"Sykes, J.B. (Ed.) (1976), The Concise Oxford English Dictionary, 6th ed., Clarendon Press, Oxford."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Talja, S. and Hansen, P. (2006), \u201cInformation sharing\u201d, in Spink, A. and Cole, C. (Eds), New Directions in Human Information Behavior, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 113\u201034.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3670-1_7"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b69","unstructured":"Tebbutt, D. (2007), \u201cAre we filtering ourselves into an internet ghetto?\u201d, Information World Review, 10 April, available at: www.iwr.co.uk\/information\u2010world\u2010review\/comment\/2187708\/filtering\u2010ourselves\u2010internet (accessed 3 November 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b70","unstructured":"Thompson, B. (2006), \u201cSerendipity casts a very wide net\u201d, BBC News, 26 May, available at: http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/1\/hi\/technology\/5018998.stm (accessed 3 November 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b71","unstructured":"Toms, E. (2000), \u201cSerendipitous information retrieval\u201d, Proceedings of the 1st DELOS Network of Excellence Workshop on Information Seeking, Searching, and Querying in Digital Libraries, Zurich, Switzerland, 11\u201012 December, available at: www.ercim.org\/publication\/ws\u2010proceedings\/DelNoe01\/ (accessed 16 June 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b72","unstructured":"Tsoukas, H. (2005), Complex Knowledge, Oxford University Press, Oxford."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Andel, P. (1994), \u201cAnatomy of the unsought finding. Serendipity: origin, history, domains, traditions, appearances, patterns and programmability\u201d, The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 45 No. 2, pp. 631\u201048.","DOI":"10.1093\/bjps\/45.2.631"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b74","unstructured":"Weick, K.E. (2002), \u201cThe aesthetic of imperfection in orchestras and organizations\u201d, in Kamoche, K.N., Cunha, M.P.E. and Cunha, J.V.D. (Eds), Organizational Improvisation, Routledge, New York, NY, pp. 163\u201080."},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson, T.D. (1997), \u201cInformation behaviour: an interdisciplinary perspective\u201d, Information Processing & Management, Vol. 33 No. 4, pp. 551\u201072.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(97)00028-9"},{"key":"key2022031819431133400_b76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson, T.D. (1999), \u201cModels in information behaviour research\u201d, Journal of Documentation, Vol. 55 No. 3, pp. 249\u201070.","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000007145"}],"container-title":["Aslib Proceedings"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/00012530810924294","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/00012530810924294\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/00012530810924294\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T11:36:58Z","timestamp":1753357018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ajim\/article\/60\/6\/600-618\/29219"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Stephen A.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,14]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/00012530810924294"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/00012530810924294","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-253X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-253X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,14]]}}}