{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:55:55Z","timestamp":1754157355461,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]],"date-time":"2006-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper seeks to describe how signs can be used as a part of the work task scenarios with service robot.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The signs are used to control a work task of a mobile service robot. Tests are done in real outdoor and non\u2010structured environments with the WorkPartner robot. In the test scenario the signs are used to define the boundaries of a working area. Two different kinds of signs are tested: passive and active.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The signs can be used as a simple way to define the parameters of a work task. One of the advantages is usability. For example, the signs can just be carried to the working area and no other actions are needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The tests focused only on bounding the working area with signs. Using the signs for pointing a direction, marking a route, or defining a location of a single target will be tested in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Signs are an easy way to configure work tasks of service robots. The concept can be applied to various kinds of mobile robots.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The signs are introduced as an alternative or complementary tool for passing information of the task plan of a work task from the human operator to the service robot.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/01439910610667944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,4]],"date-time":"2006-07-04T08:22:02Z","timestamp":1152001322000},"page":"308-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Using signs for configuring work tasks of service robots"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mikko","family":"Heikkil\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sami","family":"Terho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minna","family":"Hirsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aarne","family":"Halme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Forsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022012420454604500_b8","unstructured":"Asama, H. (2001), \u201cTowards emergence in distributed autonomous robotic systems \u2013 intelligent data carrier for cooperative organization of mobile robots and their operating environment\u201d, paper presented at the 3rd International Conference in Field and Service Robotics, Helsinki."},{"key":"key2022012420454604500_b4","unstructured":"Halme, A., Lepp\u00e4nen, I., Montonen, M. and Yl\u00f6nen, S. (2001), \u201cRobot motion by simultaneous wheel and leg propulsion\u201d, paper presented at the 4th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots, Karlsruhe."},{"key":"key2022012420454604500_b2","unstructured":"Halme, A., Lepp\u00e4nen, I. and Salmi, S. (1999), \u201cDevelopment of WorkPartner\u2010robot \u2013 design of actuating and motion control system\u201d, paper presented at the 2nd International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots, Portsmouth."},{"key":"key2022012420454604500_b3","unstructured":"Halme, A., Lepp\u00e4nen, I., Salmi, S. and Yl\u00f6nen, S. (2000), \u201cHybrid locomotion of a wheel\u2010legged machine\u201d, paper presented at the 3rd International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots, Madrid."},{"key":"key2022012420454604500_b1","unstructured":"Lepp\u00e4nen, I., Salmi, S. and Halme, A. (1998), \u201cWorkPartner \u2013 HUT\u2010automations new hybrid walking machine\u201d, paper presented at the 1st International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots, Brussels."},{"key":"key2022012420454604500_b6","unstructured":"Luksch, T., Yl\u00f6nen, S. and Halme, A. (2003), \u201cCombined motion control of the platform and the manipulator of WorkPartner robot\u201d, paper presented at the 6th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots, Catania."},{"key":"key2022012420454604500_b9","unstructured":"Suontama, H\u2010L. (2003), Use of Signs for Configuring Tasks for Service Robots, Master's thesis (in Finnish), Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo."},{"key":"key2022012420454604500_b5","unstructured":"Yl\u00f6nen, S. and Halme, A. (2002), \u201cFurther development and testing of the hybrid locomotion of WorkPartner robot\u201d, paper presented at the 5th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots, Paris."},{"key":"key2022012420454604500_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yl\u00f6nen, S., Heikkil\u00e4, M. and Virekoski, P. (2004), \u201cInteraction between human and robot \u2013 case study: WorkPartner\u2010robot in the ISR 2004 exhibition\u201d, paper presented at the 7th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots, Madrid.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-29461-9_107"}],"container-title":["Industrial Robot: An International Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/01439910610667944","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/01439910610667944\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/01439910610667944\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:50:03Z","timestamp":1753401003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ir\/article\/33\/4\/308-311\/434831"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jeanne","family":"Dietsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/01439910610667944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/01439910610667944","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-991X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0143-991X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]]}}}