{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:17:12Z","timestamp":1770747432010,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]],"date-time":"2009-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between automated assembly and mass production environments such as the manufacture of cars, airplanes and white goods and methods of modelling and simulation. Even in this environment high\u2010level automated assembly is restricted to the original equipment manufacturers where production volumes are high and flexibility and the ability to quickly reconfigure systems are not major drivers. It proposes modelling of the fixing\/assembly process and outlining why and how new methods are important throughout the manufacturing process. The paper aims to expand the domain of co operation of different research institutes, universities and companies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper focuses on typically, fixture design, which involves the identification of clamp, locator, and support points, and the selection of corresponding fixture elements for their respective functions. In addition, the automation of fixture design activities in manufacturing is an important research area, which aims to achieve the integration of design and manufacturing. The most commonly used methods are pointed out.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper summarizes the main modelling and simulation methods applied to new fixing and assembly processes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Because of the chosen research approach, the paper is more general.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper includes implications for the development of a powerful new fixing method applied in the automotive and aerospace industry, which is important for stability and easy change in a rough manufacturing environment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper fulfils an identified need to study how new fixing methods can improve motorcar and aerospace manufacturing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/01439910910950513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]],"date-time":"2009-05-01T10:56:21Z","timestamp":1241175381000},"page":"249-254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clamping modelling: state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art and future trends"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Leopold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asada, H. and By, A. (1984), \u201cKinematic analysis of workpart fixturing for flexible assembly with automatically reconfigurable fixtures\u201d, IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation, Vol. 2, pp. 86\u201093.","DOI":"10.1109\/JRA.1985.1087007"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b2","unstructured":"Bausch, J.J. and Youcef\u2010Toumi, K. (1990), \u201cComputer planning methods for automated fixture layout synthesis\u201d, Proceedings of Manufacturing International 90, Atlanta, GA, USA, Vol. 1, pp. 225\u201032."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boerma, J.R. and Kals, H.J.J. (1988), \u201cFixture design with FIXES\u201d, Annals CIRP, Vol. 38, pp. 399\u2010402.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-8506(07)62732-2"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai, W., Hu, S.J. and Yuan, J.X. (1997), \u201cA variational method of robust fixture configuration design for 3D workpieces\u201d, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 119, pp. 593\u2010602.","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2831192"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b5","unstructured":"Cecil, J.A. (1995), \u201cFixture design in a CIM environment\u201d, PhD dissertation, Department of Industrial Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b6","unstructured":"Cecil, J.A. (2000), \u201cImpact of information technology on manufacturing practices\u201d, Virtual Enterprise Engineering Laboratory (VEEL) Report, July, Utah State University, Logan, UT."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b7","unstructured":"Chou, Y.C., Chandru, V. and Barash, M. (1981), \u201cA mathematical approach to automatic configuration for machining fixtures: analysis and synthesis\u201d, Journal of Engineering for Industry, Transaction of the ASME, Vol. 103, pp. 725\u201035."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chou, Y.C., Chandru, V. and Barash, B. (1989), \u201cA mathematical approach to automatic configuration of machining fixtures: analysis and synthesis\u201d, Journal of Engineering for Industry, Transaction of the ASME, Vol. 111 No. 4, pp. 299\u2010306.","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3188764"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choudhuri, S. and DeMeter, E.C. (1999), \u201cTolerance analysis of machining fixture locators\u201d, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 121, pp. 273\u201081.","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2831216"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dai, J., Nee, A.Y.C. and Fuh, J.Y.H. (1997), \u201cAn approach to automating modular fixture design and assembly\u201d, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B, Journal of Engineering Manufacture, Vol. 211, pp. 509\u201021.","DOI":"10.1243\/0954405971516464"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DeMeter, E.C. (1995), \u201cMin\u2010max load model for optimizing machining fixture performance\u201d, Journal of Engineering for Industry, Transaction of the ASME, Vol. 117, pp. 186\u201093.","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2803293"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b12","unstructured":"Dong, X., Gilman, C. and Wozny, M. (1994), Feature\u2010based Fixture Design and Set\u2010up Planning Artificial Intelligence in Optimal Design and Manufacturing, Prentice\u2010Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferreira, P.M. and Liu, C.R. (1988), \u201cGeneration of workpiece orientations for machining using a rule based system\u201d, Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 4 Nos 3\/4, pp. 545\u201055.","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-5845(88)90027-0"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b14","unstructured":"Fuh, J.Y.H. and Nee, A.Y.C. (1994), \u201cVerification and optimization of workholding schemes for fixture design\u201d, Journal of Design and Manufacturing, Vol. 4, pp. 307\u201018."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gandhi, M.V. and Thompson, B.S. (1987), \u201cAutomated design of modular fixtures for flexible manufacturing systems\u201d, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Vol. 5 No. 4, pp. 243\u201052.","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6125(86)90055-5"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, H., Zuo, D.W., Wang, S.H., Xu, L.L., Wang, M. and Hu, J. (2006), \u201cThe application of FEM technology on the deformation analysis of the aero thin\u2010walled frame shape workpiece\u201d, Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 315\/316, pp. 174\u20109.","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.315-316.174"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b17","unstructured":"Hoffman, E.G. (1985), Jig and Fixture Design, Delmar, Albany, NY."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b19","unstructured":"Kang, Y. (2001), \u201cComputer\u2010aided fixture design verification\u201d, PhD\u2010thesis, Worchester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kang, Y., Rong, Y. and Sun, M. (1998), \u201cConstraint based modular fixture assembly modelling and automated design\u201d, Proceedings of the ASME Manufacturing Science and Engineering Division, Anaheim, CA, USA, Vol. 8, pp. 901\u20108.","DOI":"10.1115\/IMECE1998-1105"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, A.S., Nee, A.Y.C. and Prombanpong, S. (1992), \u201cExpert fixture design system for an automated manufacturing environment\u201d, Journal of Computer Aided Design, Vol. 24, pp. 316\u201026.","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4485(92)90049-G"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, A.S., Subramaniam, V. and Seow, K.C. (1999), \u201cConceptual design of fixtures using genetic algorithms\u201d, International Journal of Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 15 No. 2, pp. 79\u201084.","DOI":"10.1007\/s001700050042"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b23","unstructured":"Leopold, J., Poppitz, A., Kl\u00e4rner, M., Schmidt, A.\u2010K. and Berger, J. (2008), \u201cInteraction between machining and new fixturing principles for aerospace structures\u201d, International Journal of Material Forming, Proceedings of the 11th ESAFORM Conference on Material Forming, Lyon, France, 23\u201025 April (edited by Boisse, P., Morestin, F. and Vidal\u2010Sall\u00e9, E. \u2013 LaMCoS, INSA de Lyon)."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b22","unstructured":"Leopold, J., Poppitz, A., Kl\u00e4rner, M., Clau\u00df, D., Bandoli, M., Merlo, A., Gim\u00e9nez, M. and Larranaga, J. (2007), \u201cInvestigations to new fixturing principles for aerospace structures\u201d, Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Production Technology, Bremen, Germany, September 17\u201019, pp. 173\u201089."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, W., Li, J. and Rong, Y. (1999), \u201cDevelopment of automated fixture planning systems\u201d, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 15 No. 3, pp. 171\u201081.","DOI":"10.1007\/s001700050054"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Markus, A. (1984), \u201cFixture design using Prolog: an expert system\u201d, Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 195\u2010201.","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-5845(84)90004-8"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Menassa, R.J. and Devries, W.R. (1991), \u201cOptimization methods applied to selecting support positions in fixture design\u201d, Journal of Engineering for Industry, Transaction of the ASME, Vol. 113, pp. 412\u20108.","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2899715"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller, A.S. and Hannam, R.G. (1985), \u201cComputer aided design using a knowledge base approach and its application to the design of jigs and fixtures\u201d, Proceedings \u2013 Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 199, B4.","DOI":"10.1243\/PIME_PROC_1985_199_073_02"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mittal, R.O., Cohen, P.H. and Gilmore, B.J. (1991), \u201cDynamic modeling of the fixture\u2010workpiece system\u201d, Robotics & Computer\u2010Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 8 No. 4, pp. 201\u201017.","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-5845(91)90032-N"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nee, A.Y.C., Tao, Z.J. and Kumar, A.S. (2004), An Advanced Treatise on Fixture Design and Planning, Series on Manufacturing Systems and Technology, Vol. 1, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore.","DOI":"10.1142\/5671"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nee, A.Y.C., Whybrew, K. and Kumar, S. (1995), Advanced Fixture Design for FMS, Springer, New York, NY.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-2117-6"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b30","unstructured":"Rong, Y. and Zhu, J. (1993), \u201cFixturing feature analysis for computer aided fixture design\u201d, Intelligent Design and Manufacturing, ASME WAM, New Orleans, LA, pp. 267\u201071."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sakurai, H. (1990), \u201cAutomatic setup planning and fixture design for machining\u201d, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Vol. 11 No. 1.","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6125(92)90015-8"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shaogang, L., Zheng, L., Zhang, Z.H. and Wen, D.H. (2006), \u201cOptimal fixture design in peripheral milling of thin\u2010walled workpiece\u201d, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 28, pp. 653\u20108.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-004-2425-8"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shawki, G.S.A. and Abdel\u2010Aal, M.M. (1965), \u201cEffect of fixture rigidity and wear on dimensional accuracy\u201d, International Journal of Machine Tool Design and Research, Vol. 5, pp. 183\u2010202.","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7357(65)90025-9"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b34","unstructured":"Slocum, A.H., Peris, J. and Donmez, A. (1985), \u201cDevelopment of a flexible automated fixturing system\u201d, Progress Report: US National Bureau of Standards, Automated Production Technology Division, Gaithersburg, MD."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, S.H. and Chen, J.L. (1995), \u201cModular fixture design system based on case based reasoning\u201d, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 34, pp. 3487\u201097.","DOI":"10.1080\/00207549608905101"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, E.Y.T., Kumar, A.S., Fuh, J.Y.H. and Nee, A.Y.C. (2004), \u201cModeling, analysis, and verification of optimal fixturing design\u201d, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, Vol. 1 No. 2.","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2004.835601"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b37","unstructured":"Thompson, B.S. and Gandhi, M.V. (1985), \u201cA literature survey of fixture design automation\u201d, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 1, pp. 240\u201055."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b38","unstructured":"Wright, K. and Hayes, C.C. (1986), \u201cAutomated planning in the machining domain\u201d, Knowledge Based Expert Systems for Manufacturing, ASME, PED, Vol. 24, pp. 221\u201032."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b39","unstructured":"Wu, N.H., Chan, K.C. and Leong, S.S. (1995), \u201cFixturing verification based on the analysis of multi\u2010discipline frictional contacts\u201d, Manufacturing Science and Engineering, ASME, MH, Vol. 3\/1, pp. 735\u201045."},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, Y., Rong, Y. and Ma, W. (1998a), \u201cAutomated modular fixture planning: accuracy, clamping, and accessibility analysis\u201d, Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 14, pp. 17\u201026.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-5845(97)00025-2"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, Y., Rong, Y. and Ma, W. (1998b), \u201cAutomated modular fixture planning: geometric analysis\u201d, Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 14, pp. 1\u201015.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-5845(97)00024-0"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiong, C.H., Ding, H. and Xiong, Y.L. (2007), Fundamentals of Robotic Grasping and Fixturing, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore.","DOI":"10.1142\/6610"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiong, C.H., Li, Y., Xiong, Y., Ding, H. and Huang, Q. (1999), \u201cGrasp capability analysis of multifingered robot hands\u201d, Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Vol. 27, pp. 211\u201024.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-8890(99)00007-X"},{"key":"key2022012520303004600_b45","unstructured":"Zheng, Y. (2005), \u201cFinite element analysis for fixture stiffness\u201d, PhD dissertation, Worchester Polytechnic Institute, Worchester, MA."}],"container-title":["Industrial Robot: An International Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/01439910910950513","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/01439910910950513\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/01439910910950513\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:50:25Z","timestamp":1753401025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ir\/article\/36\/3\/249-254\/179920"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Youlun","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/01439910910950513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/01439910910950513","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-991X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-991X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]]}}}