{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T15:46:52Z","timestamp":1757778412355,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]],"date-time":"2010-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1263254400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the government's role in boosting the utilization of intelligent robot by considering government support policies along with various other factors, which are potentially influential. This type of investigation will contribute for developing a domestic robot infrastructure in Korea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>A structural equation model is used to investigate the relation among various factors that have a potential influence on robot utilization. In addition, the Robot Utilization Expectation Index of various user groups is developed. The results obtained from the proposed model are expected to provide important feedback information for productivity innovation at the level of both the individual user and the company.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>According to the results, the robot function has the highest direct effect on the Robot Utilization Expectation, but excessive policies implemented simultaneously by the Korean Government are not effective on revitalization of the robot industry. It is interesting to note that government policy has the highest indirect effect on robot utilization expectation. Therefore, it is proposed that the government should act as a mediator and focus on fewer policies rather than enforcing various policies simultaneously by different organizations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although, a focused group consisting of those who are knowledgeable about intelligent robots is surveyed, a limitation to the paper lies in analyzing a relatively small data set. An extended survey with a larger data set remains for future study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper includes implications, which contribute towards stimulating the robot industry in Korea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proposed model is expected to provide important information for productivity innovation at both the individual user and company levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/01439911011010009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,8]],"date-time":"2010-01-08T08:04:37Z","timestamp":1262937877000},"page":"97-105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Strategies for revitalization for intelligent robot industry in Korea based on structural equation model"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"So","family":"Young Sohn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Man","family":"Jae Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benhabib, J. and Spiegel, M.M. (1994), \u201cThe role of human capital in economic development, evidence from aggregate cross\u2010country data\u201d, Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 34, pp. 143\u201073.","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3932(94)90047-7"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bentler, P.M. (1983), \u201cSome contributions to efficient statistics for structural models: specification and estimation of moment structures\u201d, Psychometrika, Vol. 48, pp. 493\u2010571.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02293875"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caerteling, J.S., Halman, J.I.M. and Dogree, A.G. (2008), \u201cTechnology commercialization in road infrastructure: how government affects the variation and appropriability of technology\u201d, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 25 No. 2, pp. 143\u201061.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5885.2008.00289.x"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Datar, S., Jordan, C., Kekre, S., Rajiv, S. and Srinivasan, K. (1997), \u201cNew product development structures and time\u2010to\u2010market\u201d, Management Science, Vol. 43 No. 4, pp. 452\u201064.","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.43.4.452"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Den Ouden, E., Yuan, L., Sonnemans, P.J.M. and Brombacher, A.C. (2006), \u201cQuality and reliability problems from a consumer's perspective: an increasing problem overlooked by businesses?\u201d, Quality & Reliability Engineering International, Vol. 22 No. 7, pp. 821\u201038.","DOI":"10.1002\/qre.766"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dijkhuizen, A.A., Huirne, R.B.M., Harsh, S.B. and Gardner, R.W. (1997), \u201cEconomics of robot application\u201d, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 111\u201021.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1699(96)01228-8"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dmitrieva, E.S., Gel'man, V.Y., Zaitseva, K.A. and Lan'ko, S.V. (2008), \u201cAge\u2010related features of the interaction of learning success and characteristics of auditory operative memory\u201d, Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, Vol. 38 No. 4, pp. 393\u20108.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11055-008-0056-5"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fornell, C. (1992), A National Customer Satisfaction Barometer, The Falmer Press, London.","DOI":"10.2307\/1252129"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fornell, C., Johnson, M.D., Anderson, E.W., Cha, J. and Bryant, B.E. (1996), \u201cThe American customer satisfaction index: nature, purpose, and findings\u201d, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60 No. 4, pp. 7\u201018.","DOI":"10.1177\/002224299606000403"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gr\u00f6nroos, C. (1984), \u201cA service quality model and its marketing implications\u201d, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 36\u201044.","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000004784"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gr\u00f6nroos, C. and Ojasalo, K. (2004), \u201cService productivity: towards a conceptualization of the transformation of inputs into economic results in services\u201d, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 57, pp. 414\u201023.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0148-2963(02)00275-8"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gummesson, E. (1998), \u201cProductivity, quality and relationship marketing in service operations\u201d, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 10 No. 1, pp. 4\u201015.","DOI":"10.1108\/09596119810199282"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b48","unstructured":"Hair, J.F., Anderson, R.E., Tatham, R.L. and Black, W.C. (1988), Multivariate Data Analysis, 5th ed., Prentice\u2010Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hemmingson, E. (1998), \u201cPalletizing robots for the consumer goods industry\u201d, Industrial Robot: An International Journal, Vol. 25 No. 6, pp. 384\u20108.","DOI":"10.1108\/01439919810240199"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b16","unstructured":"Holt, K., Geschka, H. and Peterlongo, G. (1984), Need Assessment: A Key to User\u2010Oriented Product Innovation, Wiley, Chichester."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hopkins, H. (2008), \u201cApplying Michael Porter's extended rivalry model to the robotics industry\u201d, Industrial Robot: An International Journal, Vol. 35 No. 5, pp. 397\u20109.","DOI":"10.1108\/01439910810893563"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b15","unstructured":"Huijben, A.J.M. (1996), \u201cReliability improvement in high\u2010volume consumer electronics\u201d, paper presented at the Symposium on The Reliability Challenge, Finn Jensen Consultancy, London."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hulland, J. (1999), \u201cUse of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: a review of four recent studies\u201d, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp. 195\u2010204.","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0266(199902)20:2<195::AID-SMJ13>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hung, S.\u2010C. and Chu, Y.\u2010Y. (2006), \u201cStimulating new industries from emerging technologies: challenges for the public sector\u201d, Technovation, Vol. 26 No. 1, pp. 104\u201010.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2004.07.018"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b49","unstructured":"IFR (2003), 2003 Annual Report, International Federation of Robotics, Frankfurt, March."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b50","unstructured":"J\u00f6reskog, K.G. and S\u00f6rbom, D. (1989), LISREL 7 User's Reference Guide, Scientific Software Inc., Chicago, IL."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karkkainen, H. and Elfvengren, K. (2002), \u201cRole of careful customer need assessment in product innovation management \u2013 empirical analysis\u201d, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 80 No. 1, pp. 85\u2010103.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-5273(02)00245-1"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b20","unstructured":"Kim, K.Y. and Kang, Y.C. (2001), Analysis of Structural Equation Model, Freedom Academy, Seoul."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, C.\u2010Y. (1996), \u201cGovernment role in developing a high\u2010tech industry: the case of Taiwan's semiconductor industry\u201d, Technovation, Vol. 13 No. 5, pp. 299\u2010309.","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4972(93)90003-E"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00f6fsten, H. and Lindel\u00f6f, P. (2002), \u201cScience parks and the growth of new technology\u2010based firm \u2013 academic\u2010industry links, innovation and markets\u201d, Research Policy, Vol. 31 No. 6, pp. 859\u201076.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(01)00153-6"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marcoulides, G.A. and Sanders, C. (2006), \u201cEditor's comments: PLS: a silver bullet?\u201d, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 30 No. 2, pp. 3\u20109.","DOI":"10.2307\/25148727"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b25","unstructured":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (2003), Guidelines for Early Revitalization of Business, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Seoul, February."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miozzo, M. and Soete, L. (2001), \u201cInternationalization of services \u2013 a technological perspective\u201d, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 67 Nos 2\/3, pp. 159\u201085.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1625(00)00091-3"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b26","unstructured":"MKE (2008), Development Policy for Intelligent Robot, Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Gwacheon."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b51","unstructured":"MOCIE (2006), \u201c10 new growth dynamic forces\u201d, Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, Gwacheon."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mortensen, D.T. and Pissarides, C.A. (1998), \u201cTechnological progress, job creation, and job destruction\u201d, Review of Economic Dynamics, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 733\u201053.","DOI":"10.1006\/redy.1998.0030"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b24","unstructured":"Myagkov, M. and Plott, C.R. (1997), \u201cExchange economies and loss exposure: experiments exploring prospect theory and competitive equilibria in market environments\u201d, The American Economic Review, Vol. 87 No. 5, pp. 801\u201018."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b29","unstructured":"National Science Foundation (2005), NSF Panel to Assess US Robotics Technology, NSF, Arlington, VA."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliver, R.L. (1980), \u201cA cognitive model of the antecedents and consequences of satisfaction decisions\u201d, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 17 No. 4, pp. 460\u20109.","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378001700405"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b31","unstructured":"Ottman, J. (1998), Green Marketing: Opportunity for Innovation, 2nd ed., NTC\/Contemporary Books, Lincolnwood, IL."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ottum, B. and Moore, W. (1997), \u201cThe role of market information in new product success\/failure\u201d, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 14 No. 4, pp. 258\u201073.","DOI":"10.1111\/1540-5885.1440258"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V.A. and Berry, L.L. (1985), \u201cA conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research\u201d, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 49 No. 4, pp. 41\u201050.","DOI":"10.1177\/002224298504900403"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parhizgari, A.M. and Ronald, G.G. (2004), \u201cMeasures of organizational effectiveness: private and public sector performance\u201d, Omega, Vol. 32 No. 3, pp. 221\u20109.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2003.11.002"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parigi, P. and Vianello, M. (2004), \u201cExperimental \u2018reliability growth\u2019 or \u2018reliability verification\u2019 related with the amount of innovation in a new car model\u201d, Quality & Reliability Engineering International, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp. 167\u201084.","DOI":"10.1002\/qre.626"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parsons, T. and Shils, E.A. (1951), Toward a General Theory of Action, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 99\u2010219.","DOI":"10.4159\/harvard.9780674863507"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b35","unstructured":"Piippo, P., Karkkainen, H., Tuominen, M. and Ichimura, T. (1998), \u201cAn analysis of development needs and means of product innovation management in Finnish manufacturing companies\u201d, Proceedings of the ISPIM\u20101998 Workshop Conference, Laxenburg, Austria."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rooks, B.W. (1997), \u201cVision helping the automotive industry to better customer choice\u201d, Industrial Robot: An International Journal, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 48\u201051.","DOI":"10.1108\/01439919710162674"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sakai, H. and Amasaka, K. (2007), \u201cDevelopment of a robot control method for curved seal extrusion for high productivity in an advanced Toyota production system\u201d, International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 20 No. 5, pp. 486\u201096.","DOI":"10.1080\/09511920601160262"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salthouse, T.A. (1994), \u201cAging associations: influence of speed on adult age differences in associative learning\u201d, Journal of Experimental Psychology, Learning, Memory, and Cognition, Vol. 20 No. 6, pp. 1486\u2010503.","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.20.6.1486"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sander, P.C. and Brombacher, A.C. (1999), \u201cEditorial: product quality and reliability as a function of quality of business process\u201d, Quality & Reliability Engineering International, Vol. 15 No. 6, pp. 409\u201010.","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1638(199911\/12)15:6<409::AID-QRE305>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b40","unstructured":"Smith, G.H. (1954), Motivation Research in Advertising and Marketing, McGraw\u2010Hill, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sohn, S.Y. and Moon, T.H. (2003), \u201cStructural equation model for predicting technology commercialization success index (TCSI)\u201d, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, Vol. 70 No. 9, pp. 819\u2010969.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1625(03)00004-0"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sohn, S.Y., Joo, Y.K. and Han, H.K. (2007), \u201cStructural equation model for the evaluation of national funding on R&D project of SMEs in consideration with MBNQA criteria\u201d, Evaluation & Program Planning, Vol. 30 No. 1, pp. 10\u201020.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2006.10.002"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b43","unstructured":"Stalk, G., Evans, P. and Shulman, L.E. (1992), \u201cCompeting on capabilities: the new rules of corporate strategy\u201d, Harward Business Review, March\/April, pp. 57\u201069."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b55","unstructured":"UNECE (2004), 2004 World Robotics Survey, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Geneva."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen, J. and Kobayashi, S. (2002), \u201cImpacts of governmental high\u2010tech policy: a case study of CAD technology in China\u201d, Journal of Engineering & Technology Management, Vol. 19 Nos 3\/4, pp. 321\u201042.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-4748(02)00024-3"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wind, J. and Mahajan, V. (1987), \u201cMarketing hype: a new perspective for new product research\u201d, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 4, pp. 43\u20109.","DOI":"10.1111\/1540-5885.410043"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon, Y.S., Gursoy, D. and Chen, J.S. (2001), \u201cValidating a tourism development theory with structural equation modeling\u201d, Tourism Management, Vol. 22, pp. 363\u201072.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5177(00)00062-5"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zahra, S.A. and Nielson, A.P. (2002), \u201cSources of capabilities, integration and technology commercialization\u201d, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 23 No. 5, pp. 377\u201098.","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.229"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_frd1","unstructured":"Bagozzi, R.P. (1980), Causal Model Marketing, Wiley, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_frd2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buganza, T. and Verganti, R. (2006), \u201cLife\u2010cycle flexibility: how to measure and improve the innovative capability in turbulent environments\u201d, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 23 No. 5, pp. 393\u2010407.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5885.2006.00212.x"},{"key":"key2022020320232647300_frd3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fornell, C. and Bokstein, F. (1982), \u201cTwo structural equation: LISREL and PLS applied to consumer exit voice theory\u201d, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 19, pp. 440\u201052.","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378201900406"}],"container-title":["Industrial Robot: An International Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/01439911011010009","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/01439911011010009\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/01439911011010009\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:50:33Z","timestamp":1753401033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ir\/article\/37\/1\/97-105\/181569"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/01439911011010009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/01439911011010009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-991X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0143-991X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]]}}}