{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T09:05:28Z","timestamp":1760346328650,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]],"date-time":"2012-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1350000000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to deal with a method for gesture encoding and reproduction, particularly aiming at a text\u2010to\u2010gesture (TTG) system that enables robotic agents to generate proper gestures automatically and naturally in human\u2010robot interaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reproducing proper gestures, naturally synchronized with speech, is important under the TTG concept. The authors first introduce a gesture model that is effective to abstract and describe a variety of human gestures. Based on the model, a gesture encoding\/decoding scheme is proposed to encode observed gestures symbolically and parametrically and to reproduce robot gestures from the codes. In particular, this paper mainly addresses a gesture scheduling method that deals with the alignment and refinement of gestural motions, in order to reproduce robotic gesticulation in a human\u2010like, natural fashion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proposed method has been evaluated through a series of questionnaire surveys, and it was found that reproduced gestures by a robotic agent could appeal satisfactorily to human beings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper provides a series of algorithms to treat overlapped motions and to refine the timing parameters for the motions, so that robotic agents reproduce human\u2010like, natural gestures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/01439911211268705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,23]],"date-time":"2013-04-23T05:32:04Z","timestamp":1366695124000},"page":"551-563","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gesture encoding and reproduction for human\u2010robot interaction in text\u2010to\u2010gesture systems"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Heon\u2010Hui","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun\u2010Su","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeungnam","family":"Bien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwang\u2010Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022032220130433600_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bien, Z. and Lee, H.E. 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