{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T13:12:58Z","timestamp":1768914778499,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,15]],"date-time":"2008-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1203033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper aims to provide an overview for the main project details of the China Academic Digital Library (CADL) with focused introduction on China Academic Library and Information System (CALIS), China Academic Digital Library and Information System (CADLIS), China\u2010America Digital Academic Library (CADAL) and China Academic Humanities and Social Sciences Library (CASHL).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper first gives a literary review on CADL and then analyzes the existed and existing problems of China digital library construction using graphical presentation and tabular comparison.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>After reviewing CADL and the major related projects developed in the last decade, it is shown that the digital library (DL) construction effort in China is divided into three phases: concept introduction phase, technical exploration phase, and application deployment phase. The first phase of CADL gave a solid preparation in terms of concept introduction while the DL soon began to be recognized and accepted as a practical proposal among industries. In the second phase, various potential technologies for DL realization were substantially investigated, tested, and implemented. The related projects cover subjects including DL architecture, information retrieval, information description, digitization, e\u2010Book, Digital Rights Management, etc. During the last phase, standards, protocols and specifications that help DL to interoperate with one another were widely discussed and deployed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper expatiates on the background, development and future trend of the CADL project for the first time in the literature. It is concluded that researchers and the public from China as well as other countries thus may benefit from both positive and improvable DL construction experiences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/02640470810851725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,9]],"date-time":"2008-02-09T07:05:23Z","timestamp":1202540723000},"page":"39-54","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A review of the major projects constituting the China Academic Digital Library"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Xiangxing","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shuguang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b1","unstructured":"Administration Center for China\u2010America Digital Academic Library (2007), \u201cCurrent status digitalization development\u201d, available at: www.cadal.net\/cnc\/cn\/xmdt\/szhjz.htm (accessed March 17, 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b2","unstructured":"CALIS Management Center (2004), Technique Standards of China Academic Digital Library and Information System, Peking University Press, Beijing."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b3","unstructured":"CALIS Medium Center (2006), \u201cCALIS featured database\u201d, available at: http:\/\/202.114.65.58\/portal\/portal\/media\u2010type\/html\/group\/whuguest\/page\/area_spec_cyg.psml (accessed November 18, 2006)."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b4","unstructured":"CALIS Union Catalogue Center (2006), \u201cCALIS union catalogue statistical data\u201d, available at: www.calis.edu.cn\/calis\/lhml\/jianbao\/18\/3\u20102.htm (accessed November 8, 2006)."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b6","unstructured":"CERNET Corporation (2007), \u201cCERNET2 profile\u201d, available at: www.cernet.com\/aboutus\/Internet2.htm (accessed March 17, 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b7","unstructured":"Chen, H. and Huang, C. (2004), \u201cApplication of speech synthesis in China\u2010America Digital Academic Library\u201d, Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information, Vol. 23 No. 5, pp. 637\u201040."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b8","unstructured":"Chen, L. (2005), \u201cThe prospect of China academic digital library\u201d, The Chinese Computer Education Newspaper, August 29."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b9","unstructured":"Chen, L. and Wang, W. (2004), \u201cAn overview of China Academic Digital Library & Information System\u201d, Academic Digital Library, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 18\u201022."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b10","unstructured":"Cheng, G. (2002), \u201cThe network environment and digital library: the development and apocalypse of Taiwan\u201d, Journal of Information, Vol. 18 No. 5, pp. 44\u20107."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b11","unstructured":"Guo, L. (2005), \u201cInvestigation and analysis of the CALIS featured database\u201d, Library Tribune, Vol. 25 No. 5, pp. 184\u20107."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b12","unstructured":"Hu, Y. (2005), \u201cThe development special features of the libraries at Hong Kong universities\u201d, Library, Vol. 25 No. 2, pp. 218\u201021."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b13","unstructured":"Huang, Z. (2005), \u201cA new development phase of digital library: valuation and advice for Google and Europeans digital library plan\u201d, Document Information & Knowledge, Vol. 26 No. 5, pp. 5\u201016."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b14","unstructured":"Jiang, A., Xing, C. and Gao, F. (2006), \u201cOn the prospect of development in China\u201d, Digital Library Forums, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 34\u201046."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b15","unstructured":"Li, Z. (2006), \u201cThe research about acceleration and intimidation of Google's digital library program to the library construction\u201d, Library Development, Vol. 28 No. 1, pp. 11\u201014."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b16","unstructured":"Liu, Z. (2006), \u201cCASHL is a successful mode of information resources sharing in China\u201d, Journal of Academic Library, Vol. 28 No. 5, pp. 6\u201010."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b17","unstructured":"National Copyright Bureau (2007), \u201cThe Information Network Transmission Right Protection Ordinance (2006)\u201d, available at: www.ncac.gov.cn\/GalaxyPortal\/inner\/bqj\/include\/detail.jsp?articleid=9400&boardpid=175&boardid=11501010111602 (accessed March 18, 2007)."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b18","unstructured":"Sun, C., Shen, X. and Liu, G. (2006), \u201cTenth anniversary: an overview of digital library in China\u201d, Digital Library Forum, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 1\u201013."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b19","unstructured":"Sun, Y., Chen, D., Sun, T., Chen, L., Ye, C. and Qi, C. (2006), \u201cAn overview of Chinese main national digital library projects\u201d, Digital Library Forum, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 47\u201062."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b20","unstructured":"Tsinghua University (2006), \u201cTsinghua Digital Library\u201d, available at: www.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn\/digitallib\/digital.html (accessed November 12, 2006)."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b21","unstructured":"Wang, L., Liu, H. and Xi, Y. (2005), \u201cThe research of the status quo of CERNET network nods\u201d, Studies in Science of Science, Vol. 23 No. 1, pp. 52\u20108."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b22","unstructured":"Wang, W. (2006), \u201cBuilding academic digital library portals\u201d, Digital Library Forum, Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 15\u201025."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b23","unstructured":"Xiao, L. (2005), \u201cCALIS and development of academic digital libraries in China\u201d, Library and Information Service, Vol. 49 No. 11, pp. 9\u201015."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_b24","unstructured":"Yang, Z. and Ying, X. (2004), \u201cDigital library development in USA and China\u201d, Researches in Library Science, Vol. 13 No. 11, pp. 10\u201013."},{"key":"key2022031320255037200_frg1","unstructured":"CASHL Management Center (2007), \u201cCenter libraries document delivery service statistical table\u201d, available at: http:\/\/cashl.calis.edu.cn\/search\/html\/jb08\/9.asp (accessed March 15, 2007)."}],"container-title":["The Electronic Library"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/02640470810851725","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/02640470810851725\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/02640470810851725\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:42:06Z","timestamp":1753400526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/el\/article\/26\/1\/39-54\/42255"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,15]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/02640470810851725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/02640470810851725","relation":{},"ISSN":["0264-0473"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0264-0473","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,15]]}}}