{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T22:21:22Z","timestamp":1767824482656,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,13]],"date-time":"2009-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1234483200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this article is to review the research on human\u2010computer interfaces for library\u2010based commercial online information retrieval (IR) systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The review first focuses on basic interface issues for information retrieval such as interface style, end\u2010user searching, query formulation, relevance feedback and browsing. The second part deals with cognitive engineering in IR including mental models and individual differences. Finally, the topics on user interface engineering are covered. These include user interface guidelines, usability evaluation methods and interface engineering techniques.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The review shows that user interface design has received a limited attention from IR researchers. There is a need for adopting human\u2010computer interaction (HCI) techniques into IR interface designs, but this issue has not yet been fully recognised by the commercial database vendors and distributors. The paper recommends that applying HCI techniques could help in developing more usable IR interfaces.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The review identifies the main activities of a user\u2010centred design methodology and suggests that IR interface designers should use this method in future. This could have major implications in IR interface design for end\u2010user searching.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The review is the first to offer an overview of empirical research on IR interface design and IR usability engineering. Both IR researchers and practitioners may benefit from the description of previous research and the user\u2010centred design advocated by the current research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/02640470910934623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,14]],"date-time":"2009-02-14T07:53:51Z","timestamp":1234598031000},"page":"96-116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A review of research on human\u2010computer interfaces for online information retrieval systems"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"S.M.","family":"Zabed Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cliff","family":"McKnight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Oppenheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022013120222473300_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahlberg, C., Williamson, C. and Shneiderman, B. 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