{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T21:22:09Z","timestamp":1792531329335,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]],"date-time":"2005-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117584000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>In survey interviews information is transferred to the researchers via a communication process between interviewers and respondents. This process is controlled directly by the interviewers, and indirectly by the researchers who constructed the questionnaire and instructed and supervised the interviewers. In spite of these control activities, errors occur. This paper investigates the sources of these errors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to investigate the sources of these errors, transcripts of 200 interviews were analyzed using a detailed coding scheme.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 30 percent of all question\u2010answer sequences interviewer and respondent stick to the \u201cscript\u201d designed by the researcher. In these \u201cparadigmatic\u201d sequences the open loop control by the researcher works well. In 25 percent of the sequences this control is not sufficient, but additional closed loop control, via \u201crepair\u201d activities of the interviewers, appears to be successful. In the remaining sequences both the open loop control of the researcher and the closed loop control by the interviewer failed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The recently developed systematic analysis of question\u2010answer sequences in survey interviews, employed in this research, offers detailed insight into the errors occurring during the interview process, and illustrates the need for improved question design and improved training of interviewers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920510595319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,5]],"date-time":"2005-07-05T01:56:27Z","timestamp":1120528587000},"page":"602-616","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Control processes in survey interviews: a cybernetic approach"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Johannes","family":"van der Zouwen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes H.","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022021820395230000_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ashby, W.R. 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(1975), \u201cMini mental state: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician\u201d, Journal of Psychiatric Research, Vol. 8, pp. 102\u20109.","DOI":"10.1037\/t07757-000"},{"key":"key2022021820395230000_b5","unstructured":"Schober, M.F. and Conrad, F.G. (2002), \u201cA collaborative view of standardized survey interviews\u201d, in Maynard, D.W., Houtkoop\u2010Steenstra, H., Schaeffer, N.C. and Van der Zouwen, J. (Eds), Standardization and Tacit Knowledge; Interaction and Practice in the Survey Interview, Wiley, New York, NY, pp. 67\u201094."},{"key":"key2022021820395230000_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van der Zouwen, J. (2001), \u201cCybernetics and interviewing\u201d, Kybernetes, Vol. 30 Nos 9\/10, pp. 1064\u201071.","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920110405557"},{"key":"key2022021820395230000_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van der Zouwen, J. and Smit, J.H. (2004), \u201cEvaluating survey questions by analyzing patterns of behavior codes and question\u2010answer sequences: a diagnostic approach\u201d, in Presser, S., Rothgeb, J.M., Couper, M.P., Lessler, J.T., Martin, E., Martin, J. and Singer, E. (Eds), Methods for Testing and Evaluating Survey Questionnaires, Wiley, New York, NY, pp. 109\u201030.","DOI":"10.1002\/0471654728.ch6"}],"container-title":["Kybernetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/03684920510595319","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/03684920510595319\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/03684920510595319\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:52:00Z","timestamp":1753401120000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/k\/article\/34\/5\/602-616\/272911"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/03684920510595319"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/03684920510595319","relation":{},"ISSN":["0368-492X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0368-492X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]]}}}