{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:56:59Z","timestamp":1754157419564,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]],"date-time":"2007-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1171929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The standard terms of time and space lead to logical contradictions near the borderline of physics. Therefore, we suggest a new term for time and space, which enlarges the understanding but takes the actual knowledge of quantum mechanics into account.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The procedure to define a broader and basic term of time and space is based on the relation between the information stored inside a system, the decision which is to be connected with it and the interaction with other systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fundamental to this new understanding is a definition and an explanation of the terms system, decision and information. Based on these three terms we developed a new understanding of time and space. In which case, it involves a specifying and extension of the present understandings. A meaningful point is that these three terms determine each other as they are open terms. Thus, they must be used in the interactive description before and during their own definition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>Produces a new understanding and viewpoint which is enlarged by taking into account the knowledge of quantum mechanics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920710741125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,5]],"date-time":"2007-04-05T09:36:59Z","timestamp":1175765819000},"page":"32-41","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Decision \u2013 information \u2013 time\/space"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Ludger","family":"Overmeyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Stock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b1","unstructured":"Bru\u00df, D. (2003), Quanteninformation, Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Berlin."},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b2","unstructured":"Feynman, R.P. (1989), Quantenelektrodynamik, R. Oldenbourg Verlag, M\u00fcnchen."},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b3","unstructured":"Genz, H. (1999), Wie die Zeit in die Welt kam, Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Hamburg."},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b4","unstructured":"Green, B. (2002), Das elegante Universum, Berliner Taschenbuch Verlag, Berlin."},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b5","unstructured":"Heisenberg, W. (1984), Physik und Philosophie, S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart."},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b6","unstructured":"Mainzer, K. (2002), Zeit, Von der Urzeit zur Computerzeit, Verlag C.H. Beck, M\u00fcnchen."},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b7","unstructured":"Prigogine, I. (1998), Die Gesetze des Chaos, Insel, Frankfurt."},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shannon, C.E. (1948), \u201cA mathematical theory of communication\u201d, The Bell System Technical Journal, Vol. 27, pp. 379\u2010423, 623\u2010656.","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1948.tb00917.x"},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smolin, L. and Markopoulou, F. (2004), \u201cQuantum theory from quantum gravity\u201d, Phys. Rev. D, 70, 124029.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.70.124029"},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b10","unstructured":"Sommerfeld, A. (1977), Vorlesungen \u00fcber Theoretische Physik, Thermodynamik und Statistik, Verlag Harri Deutsch, Frankfurt."},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b11","unstructured":"Weizs\u00e4cker, C.F.v. (2002), Aufbau der Physik, Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, M\u00fcnchen."},{"key":"key2022020920401706200_b12","unstructured":"Weyl, H. (1961), Raum, Zeit, Materie, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt."}],"container-title":["Kybernetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/03684920710741125","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/03684920710741125\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/03684920710741125\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:52:47Z","timestamp":1753401167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/k\/article\/36\/1\/32-41\/259113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/03684920710741125"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/03684920710741125","relation":{},"ISSN":["0368-492X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0368-492X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]]}}}