{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:56:57Z","timestamp":1754157417574,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"7\/8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,7]],"date-time":"2009-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to present research in the area of the modeling of complex systems using feed\u2010forward neural network.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Applications of multilayer neural networks with supervisor learning on the own simulator program wrote in Borland<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>Pascal Language. Series\u2010parallel identification method is applied. Tapped delay lines (TDL) in static neural networks for modeling of dynamic plants are used. Gradient and heuristic learning algorithms are applied. Three kinds of calibration of learning and testing data are used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper illustrates that feed\u2010forward multilayer neural networks can model complex systems. Feed\u2010forward multilayer neural networks with TDL can be used to build global dynamic models of complex systems. It is possible to compare the quality both models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The learning and testing data from real systems to tune neuronal models require use of calibrating these data to range 0\u20101.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The models quality depends on kind of calibration learning data from real system and depends on kind of learning algorithms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The method and the learning algorithms discussed in the paper can be used to create global models of complex systems. The multilayer neural network with TDL can be used to model complex dynamic systems with low dynamics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920910976916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,5]],"date-time":"2009-10-05T10:51:05Z","timestamp":1254739865000},"page":"1198-1215","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Static and dynamic complex models: comparison and application to chemical systems"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Dra\u0142us","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"\u015awi\u0105tek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022021919535905400_b1","unstructured":"Bubnicki, Z. (1980), Identification of Control Plants, Elsevier, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022021919535905400_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dahleh, M.A. and Venkatesh, S.R. 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