{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T06:06:44Z","timestamp":1783577204623,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"5\/6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,8]],"date-time":"2012-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1339113600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to attempt to apply the theory of grey clustering evaluations in coal railway transportation on the \u201cDatong\u2010Qinhuangdao\u201d heavy haul railway line, to provide a reliable selection plan for heavy haul railway transportation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Grey clustering evaluations are important contents of grey system. Starting from the investigation on the evaluations in coal railway transportation on the \u201cDatong\u2010Qinhuangdao\u201d line, the authors realize that the reasonable plan developed from the real equipment and wagon flow conditions for optimal organizing of trains to achieve minimum unloading time is becoming the goal of the organizing optimization. According to the theory of grey clustering evaluations, all the system parameters such as, transportation volume per year and cost of transportation, can be combined with each other through some methods. This allows the authors to apply the theory of grey clustering evaluations on the \u201cDatong\u2010Qinhuangdao\u201d heavy haul railway line, and provide a reliable selection plan for heavy haul railway transportation. The results of the statistical analysis can be used as the basic theory to serve the coal railway transportation, and are applicable to provide reliable transportation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper presents the theory of grey clustering evaluations in coal railway transportation on \u201cDatong\u2010Qinhuangdao\u201d heavy haul railway line. The convincing results of the grey classes are reported, and can be used as the basic theory to provide reliable transportation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The method exposed in the paper can be used at each company's level for providing a reliable selection plan for heavy haul railway transportation. The results can also be used as the basic theory to provide reliable transportation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper succeeds in providing a reliable selection plan for heavy haul railway transportation by using one of the newest developed theories: grey systems theory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/03684921211243365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,4]],"date-time":"2014-11-04T05:15:22Z","timestamp":1415078122000},"page":"714-724","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Application of grey clustering evaluations in coal railway transportation"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Size","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhangdui","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruisi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daisuke, Y., Li, G. and Masatake, N. (2007), \u201cA grey\u2010based rough approximation model for interval data processing\u201d, Information Sciences, Vol. 177 No. 21, pp. 4727\u201044.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2007.05.022"},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang, Z., Liu, S., Ruan, A. and Zhang, X. (2006), \u201cStudy on venture problem of potential optimal pure strategy solution for grey interval number matrix game\u201d, Kybernetes: The International Journal of Systems & Cybernetics, Vol. 35 Nos 7\/8, pp. 1273\u201083.","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920610675256"},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b3","unstructured":"Li, W. (2008), \u201cResearch on the safety of transportation for \u2018Datong\u2010Qinhuangdao\u2019 line\u201d, Master thesis, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b4","unstructured":"Liu, L. and Mei, G.D. (2007), \u201cGrey correlation based on the analysis of the spontaneous combustion of coal gas forecast indicators\u201d, China Coal, Vol. 33 No. 11, pp. 69\u201073."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b5","unstructured":"Liu, S. (1996), \u201cAxiom on grey degree\u201d, The Journal of Grey System, Vol. 8 No. 4, pp. 397\u2010400."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b7","unstructured":"Liu, S. and Guo, T. (1999), Grey Systems: Theory and Application, Henan Unviversity Press, Kaifeng."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, S. and Lin, Y. (2006), \u201cOn measures of information content of grey numbers\u201d, Kybernetes, Vol. 35 No. 5, pp. 899\u2010904.","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920610662692"},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, S. and Xie, N. (2011), \u201cNovel models of grey relational analysis based on visual angle of similarity and nearness\u201d, Grey Systems: Theory and Application, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 8\u201018.","DOI":"10.1108\/20439371111106696"},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b6","unstructured":"Liu, S.F., Dang, Y.G. and Fang, Z.G. (2004), The Theory and Application of Grey System, Science Press, Beijing, pp. 1\u201014."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y. and Lin, S. (2007), \u201cNational economic strength as evaluated using grey systems theory\u201d, Kybernetes, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 89\u201097.","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920710741170"},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Chen, M. and Lin, S. (2004), \u201cTheory of grey systems: capturing uncertainties of grey information\u201d, Kybernetes, Vol. 33 No. 2, pp. 196\u2010218.","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920410514139"},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b12","unstructured":"Shi, X.F. and Shen, M. (2007), \u201cBased on gray\u2010to\u2010air missile weapon system linked to the use of protection capacity study\u201d, Missiles and Guided Journals, Vol. 27 No. 3, pp. 83\u20105."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b13","unstructured":"Tang, B. (2009), \u201cResearch on the organization of loading area wagon flow for heavy haul line\u201d, Master thesis, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, C.C. and Chang, N.B. (2003), \u201cGrey input\u2010output analysis and its application for environmental cost allocation\u201d, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 145 No. 1, pp. 175\u2010201.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(02)00174-1"},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b15","unstructured":"Xiao, X. (2000), \u201cOn parameters in grey models\u201d, Journal of Grey System, Vol. 11 No. 4, pp. 315\u201024."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b16","unstructured":"Yeh, Y., Chen, T. and Lin, C. (2001), \u201cEffects of data characteristics for gm (1,1) modeling\u201d, Journal of Grey System, Vol. 13 No. 3, pp. 121\u201030."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b17","unstructured":"Zhang, Q. (2001), \u201cDifference information entropy in grey theory\u201d, Journal of Grey System, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 111\u201016."},{"key":"key2022030819545560200_b18","unstructured":"Zhang, Q., Deng, J. and Fu, G. (1995), \u201cOn grey clustering in grey hazy set\u201d, The journal of grey system, Vol. 7 No. 4, pp. 377\u201090."}],"container-title":["Kybernetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/03684921211243365","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/03684921211243365\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/03684921211243365\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:27:34Z","timestamp":1753399654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/k\/article\/41\/5-6\/714-724\/261361"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,8]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5\/6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/03684921211243365"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/03684921211243365","relation":{},"ISSN":["0368-492X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0368-492X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,8]]}}}