{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T21:49:10Z","timestamp":1761428950005,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,22]],"date-time":"2011-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1321920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper seeks to rediscover the most suitable efficiency evaluation variables (input and output variables) for digital libraries and to employ the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure the resource utilization efficiency of university libraries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to analyze and evaluate university library efficiency, the paper introduces the DEA\u2010CCR Model and the DEA\u2010BCC Model. Based on these research tools, the Technical Efficiency (CCR*BCC) was determined. First, a reference group was created with a 100 percent efficiency rate, then the factors contributing to inefficient DMUs were analyzed, and the difference in the efficiency rate compared according to the different governing bodies of the libraries. Finally, the difference of efficiency according to the introduction and rejection of electronic resources was analyzed. It was possible to measure the technical efficiency, pure\u2010technical efficiency, and scale efficiency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that the efficiency of university libraries varied significantly according to whether or not electronic resources were included in the evaluation. In addition, the findings confirmed decision making units (DMUs) have a 100 percent efficiency rate and a low efficiency rate as well as proposed benchmarking DMUs for inefficient DMUs and a direction for future improvements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper identifies that there was a significant difference in efficiency, according to the presence of electronic resources in university libraries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/07378831111189787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,3]],"date-time":"2011-12-03T17:52:11Z","timestamp":1322934731000},"page":"697-724","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Evaluation of the resource utilization efficiency of university libraries using DEA techniques and a proposal of alternative evaluation variables"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Younghee","family":"Noh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b50","unstructured":"Ahn, T., Charnes, A. and Cooper, W.W. (1988), \u201cSome statistical and DEA evaluations of relative efficiencies of public and private institutions of higher learning\u201d, Socio\u2010Economic Planning Science, Vol. 22 No. 6, pp. 259\u201069."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b1","unstructured":"Banker, R.D., Charnes, A. and Cooper, W.W. (1984), \u201cSome models for estimating technical and scale efficiencies in data envelopment analysis\u201d, Management Science, Vol. 30, pp. 1078\u201092."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b2","unstructured":"Boussofiane, A., Hjalmarsson, L. and Forsund, F.R. (1990), \u201cApplied data envelopment analysis\u201d, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 46, pp. 213\u20107."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b3","unstructured":"Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W. and Rhodes, E. (1978), \u201cMeasuring the efficiency of decision making units\u201d, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 2 No. 6, pp. 429\u201044."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b4","unstructured":"Chen, T. (1997a), \u201cAn evaluation of the relative performance of university libraries in Taipei\u201d, Library Review, Vol. 3, pp. 190\u2010200."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, T. (1997b), \u201cA measurement of the resource utilization efficiency of university libraries\u201d, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 53, pp. 71\u201080.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-5273(97)00102-3"},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b7","unstructured":"Cho, S. (2008), \u201cAn analysis of the relative efficiency for the National University Libraries using DEA model\u201d, The Journal of Korea Library Information Science Society, Vol. 40 No. 1, pp. 253\u201079."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooper, W.W., Seiford, L.M. and Tone, K. 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(2009), \u201cA study on efficiency analysis about the public libraries using clustering DEA\/AHP model\u201d, Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society, Vol. 40 No. 2, pp. 491\u2010514."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b12","unstructured":"Kim, S.A. (2004), \u201cEvaluation efficiency of university libraries through data envelopment analysis\u201d, Journal of Korean Society for Library and Information Science, Vol. 32 No. 2, pp. 137\u201060."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b14","unstructured":"Kwack, Y.J. (1993), \u201cResearch note: analysis of efficiency trend in university's libraries: a data envelopment analysis approach\u201d, Journal of Management, Vol. 9 No. 1, pp. 183\u2010206."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b15","unstructured":"Mann, G.M. (1997), \u201cEfficiency evaluations of North American university libraries: data envelopment analysis\u201d, PhD dissertation, MacGill University, Montreal."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b16","unstructured":"Moon, K.J. (2009), \u201cEfficiency measurement and evaluation of public libraries: 21 public libraries in Busan\u201d, Korean Society and Public Administration, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp. 59\u201092."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b17","unstructured":"Niemitalo, J. (1995), \u201cA comparative approach to assessing the efficiency of the performance of Finnish academic libraries 1989\u20101993\u201d, Proceeding of the First Northumbria International Conference on Performance Measurement in Libraries and Information Service, August 31\u2010September 4."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b18","unstructured":"Noh, Y. (2010a), \u201cA study on identification of library resources for evaluating efficiency of academic libraries\u201d, Korean Biblia Society for Library and Information Science, Vol. 21 No. 1, pp. 71\u201088."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b19","unstructured":"Noh, Y. (2010b), \u201cThe impact of university library resources on university research achievement outputs\u201d, Aslib Proceedings (accepted in 2011)."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b20","unstructured":"Shim, W.S. (2003), \u201cApplying DEA techniques to library evaluation in academic research libraries\u201d, Library Trends, Vol. 51 No. 3, pp. 312\u201032."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b22","unstructured":"Van House, N.A., Weil, B.T. and McClure, C.R. (1990), Measuring Academic Library Performance: A Practical Approach, American Library Association, Chicago, IL, pp. 13\u201014."},{"key":"key2021010601520035600_b24","unstructured":"Worthingtin, A. 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