{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T01:03:02Z","timestamp":1776128582333,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,2]],"date-time":"2012-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330646400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study is to provide a full understanding of library use patterns in their full temporal and spatial environment. By analyzing individuals' daily travel activity, this study seeks to measure the travel distance and travel time of library users in multi\u2010destination trip settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data set for analysis was collected from the Metropolitan Travel Survey Archive, which stores 79 household daily travel data sets. Daily activities of 409 people who visited public libraries were extracted from the Puget Sound Region data set.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Through the analysis, four library access patterns were identified: single\u2010destination, en route, base camp, and trip\u2010chaining trips. Only 20 percent of library users made single\u2010destination trips, while 80 percent of users made trips of a multi\u2010destination nature; these are depicted by the latter three listed patterns. In particular, 62.2 percent of the activities fell into the trip\u2010chaining travel pattern. Such a pattern is defined as \u201cdiscretionary activities which include a library visit.\u201d Findings indicate that although travel distance is still a constraint to library access, travel time is a more informative factor than travel distance for gaining a richer understanding of the nature of library visits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study develops new measurements of travel distance and time, <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>library<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>library<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> respectively, enabling more accurate measures of travel distance and time, and further supporting precise measurements of the portions of multi\u2010destination trips most relevant to library visits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/07378831211213274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,5]],"date-time":"2012-03-05T14:38:22Z","timestamp":1330958302000},"page":"151-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Measuring travel time and distance in library use"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Sung","family":"Jae Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022012319425835300_b1","unstructured":"Cowing, T.G. and Holtmann, A.G. 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