{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T18:05:23Z","timestamp":1754157923748,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,15]],"date-time":"2008-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1218758400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to present an approach to support understanding of inter\u2010organisational systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The approach combines two types of graphical snapshots of relevant properties of each organisation, based on concrete data. The first type of snapshot provides a bird's eye view of the network that enables matching partners to form groups based on similarity. The second type of snapshot can be used to compare and contrast the information technology (IT) portfolio of partners to assess the extent to which each portfolio is ready to meet the needs of the inter\u2010organisational system. The approach has been applied in a case study that analysed E\u2010CUSTOMS, a large distributed system that connects the customs organisations of a number of member states of the European Union. The approach has been validated by showing the results to experts in the E\u2010CUSTOMS project, who confirmed the findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>An approach based on quantifiable and non\u2010quantifiable data that combines two visualisation techniques was used. The graphical snapshots obtained by applying this approach showed similarities and differences between countries that indicate opportunities and challenges in IT integration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The approach provides a semi\u2010automatic method to understand inter\u2010organisational systems. If in need of successful co\u2010operation in groups within an inter\u2010organisational network, this approach will help the expert to ask the right questions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>An understanding of inter\u2010organisational systems is necessary, as co\u2010operation in inter\u2010organisational networks usually requires considerable up\u2010front investments in IT specific for this co\u2010operation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/13287260810897774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,23]],"date-time":"2008-08-23T07:01:38Z","timestamp":1219474898000},"page":"159-179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Combining visualisation techniques to understand co\u2010operation in inter\u2010organisational systems"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Laura Ponisio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaas","family":"Sikkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lourens","family":"Riemens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"van Eck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022021119584982300_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belderbos, R., Carree, M., Diederen, B., Lokshin, B. and Veugelers, R. 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