{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T15:46:37Z","timestamp":1780933597842,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1\/2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,1]],"date-time":"2002-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1012521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Looks at new communications technologies, such as videoconferencing systems, which have enabled the creation of \u201cvirtual organizations\u201d and \u201cvirtual teams\u201d. Investigates the hypotheses that both \u201csocial presence\u201d and \u201cmedia richness\u201d associated with a communication medium used to support geographically\u2010dispersed software development teams, will have a significant impact on team productivity, perceived interaction quality, and group process satisfaction. Results supported the predicted superiority of the face\u2010to\u2010face setting over the videoconferencing setting with regard to team productivity. They also indicated that a communication medium characterized as high in both \u201cmedia richness\u201d and \u201csocial presence\u201d can engender a greater sense of interaction quality. There were no significant differences between the face\u2010to\u2010face and videoconferencing settings for group process satisfaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1108\/13527590210425077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,28]],"date-time":"2002-07-28T19:02:19Z","timestamp":1027882939000},"page":"39-48","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["A comparison of  face\u2010to\u2010face and virtual software development teams"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hayward P.","family":"Andres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alavi, M., Wheeler, B.C. and Valacich, J.S. (1995), \u201cUsing IT to reengineer business education: an exploratory investigation of collaborative telelearning\u201d, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 19 No. 3, pp. 293\u2010312.","DOI":"10.2307\/249597"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chidambaram, L. and Jones, B. (1993), \u201cImpact of communication medium and computer support on group perceptions and performance: a comparison of face\u2010to\u2010face and dispersed meetings\u201d, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 17 No. 4, pp. 465\u201091.","DOI":"10.2307\/249588"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crowston, K. (1997), \u201cA coordination theory approach to organizational process\u201d, Organization Science,  Vol. 8 No. 2, pp. 157\u201075.","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.8.2.157"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daft, R.L. and Lengel, R.H. (1986), \u201cOrganizational information requirements, media richness, and structural design\u201d, Management Science, Vol. 32 No. 5, pp. 554\u201071.","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.32.5.554"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fulk, J., Steinfield, C., Schmitz, J. and Power, G. (1987),  \u201cA social information processing model of media use in organizations\u201d, Communications Research, Vol. 14 No. 5, pp. 529\u201052.","DOI":"10.1177\/009365087014005005"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B6","unstructured":"Geber, B. (1995), \u201cVirtual teams\u201d, Training, April,  pp. 36\u201040."},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Green, S.G. and Taber, T.D. (1980), \u201cThe effects of social decision schemes on decision group process\u201d, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 25 No. 1, pp. 97\u2010106.","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-5073(80)90027-6"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henderson, J.C. and Lee, S. (1992), \u201cManaging I\/S design teams: a control theories perspective\u201d, Management Science, Vol. 18 No. 6, pp. 757\u201077.","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.38.6.757"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hiltz, S.R., Johnson, K. and Turoff, M. (1986), \u201cExperiments in group decision making: communication process and outcome in face\u2010to\u2010face versus computerized conferences\u201d, Human Communications Research, Vol. 13 No. 2,  pp. 225\u201052.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.1986.tb00104.x"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B10","unstructured":"Krasner, H., Curtis, B. and Iscoe, N. (1987), \u201cCommunication breakdowns and boundary spanning activities on large programming projects\u201d, in Olson, G.M., Shepard, S. and Solloway, E. (Eds), Empirical Studies of Programmers: Second Workshop, Ablex Publishing Corporation, Norwood, NJ, pp. 47\u201064."},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kraut, R.E. and Streeter, L. (1995), \u201cCoordination in software development\u201d, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 38 No. 3, pp. 69\u201081.","DOI":"10.1145\/203330.203345"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kydd, C.T. and Ferry, D.L. (1994), \u201cManagerial use of videoconferencing\u201d, Information & Management, Vol. 27 No. 6, pp. 369\u201075.","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-7206(94)90017-5"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B13","unstructured":"Laughlin, P.R. (1980), \u201cSocial combination processes of cooperative, problem solving groups as verbal intellective tasks\u201d, in Fishbein, M. (Ed.), Progress in Social Psychology, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 127\u201055."},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McDonough, E.F., Kahn, K.B. and Griffin, A. (1999), \u201cManaging communication in global product development teams\u201d, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 46 No. 4,  pp. 375\u201086.","DOI":"10.1109\/17.797960"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B15","unstructured":"McGrath, J.E. (1990), \u201cTime matters in groups\u201d, in Galegher, J., Kraut, R.E. and Egido, C. (Eds), Intellectual teamwork: Social and Technological Foundations of Cooperative Work, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 23\u201061."},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nunamaker, J.F., Dennis, A.R., Valacich, J.S., Vogel, D.R. and George, J.F. (1991), \u201cElectronic meeting systems to support group work\u201d, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 34 No. 7, pp. 40\u201061.","DOI":"10.1145\/105783.105793"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O\u2019Conaill, B., Whittaker, S. and Wilbur, S. (1993), \u201cConversations over video conferences: an evaluation of the spoken aspects of video\u2010mediated communication\u201d, Human\u2010Computer Interaction,  Vol. 8 No 4, pp. 389\u2010428.","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327051hci0804_4"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ocker, R., Hiltz, S.R., Turoff, M. and Fjermestad, J. (1996), \u201cThe effects of distributed group support and process structuring on software requirements development teams: results on creativity and quality\u201d, Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 12 No. 3, pp. 127\u201053.","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.1995.11518094"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olson. G.M., Olson, J.S., Carter, M.R. and Storrosten, (1992), \u201cSmall group design meetings: an analysis of collaboration\u201d, Human\u2010Computer Interaction, Vol. 7 No. 3, pp. 347\u201074.","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327051hci0704_1"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pinto, J.K. and Pinto, M.B. (1990), \u201cProject team communication and cross\u2010functional cooperation in new program development\u201d, Journal of Product Innovation and Management, Vol. 7 No. 3,  pp. 200\u201012.","DOI":"10.1111\/1540-5885.730200"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasch, R. and Tosi, H. (1992), \u201cFactors affecting software developers\u2019 performance: an integrated approach\u201d, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 16 No. 3, pp. 395\u2010413.","DOI":"10.2307\/249535"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siegel, J., Dubrovsky, V., Kiesler, S. and McGuire, T.W. (1986), \u201cGroup processes in computer\u2010mediated communication\u201d, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 37 No. 2,  pp. 157\u201087.","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(86)90050-6"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B23","unstructured":"Short, J., Williams, E. and Christie, B. (1976), The Social Psychology of Telecommunication, John Wiley, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sproull, L. and Kiesler, S. (1986), \u201cReducing social context cues: electronic mail in organization communication\u201d, Management Science, Vol. 32  No. 11, pp. 1492\u2010512.","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.32.11.1492"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B25","unstructured":"Stevens, J. (1992), Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences, 2nd ed., Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, p. 151."},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Straus, S.G. (1996), \u201cThe effects of communication media and information distribution on participation and performance in computer\u2010mediated and face\u2010to\u2010face groups\u201d, Small Group Research, Vol. 27 No. 1,  pp. 115\u201042.","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496496271006"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Straus, S.G. and McGrath, J.E. (1994), \u201cDoes medium matter? The interaction of task type and technology on group performance and member reactions\u201d, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 79 No. 1,  pp. 87\u201097.","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.79.1.87"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Symon, G. (1998), \u201cThe work of IT system developers in context: an organizational case study\u201d, Human\u2010Computer Interaction, Vol. 13 No. 1, pp. 37\u201071.","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327051hci1301_2"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tripp, R.S. (1991), \u201cManaging the political and cultural aspects of large\u2010scale MIS projects: a case study of participative systems development\u201d, Information Resources Management Journal, Fall, pp. 2\u201013.","DOI":"10.4018\/irmj.1991100101"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turoff, M., Hiltz, S.R., Bahgat, A.N.F. and Ajaz, R.R., (1993), \u201cDistributed group support systems\u201d, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 17 No. 4, pp. 399\u2010417.","DOI":"10.2307\/249585"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walz, D.B., Elam, J.J. and Curtis, B. (1993), \u201cInside a software design team: knowledge acquisition, sharing, and integration\u201d, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 36 No. 10, pp. 62\u201077.","DOI":"10.1145\/163430.163447"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waterson, P.E., Clegg, C.W. and Axtell, C.M., (1997), \u201cThe dynamics of work organization, knowledge, and technology during software development\u201d, Journal of Human\u2010Computer Studies, Vol. 46 No. 1,  pp. 79\u2010101.","DOI":"10.1006\/ijhc.1996.0084"},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B33","unstructured":"Yeh, H. (1993), Software Process Quality, R.R. Donnelley & Sons."},{"key":"key2022012919533196800_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zmud, R.W. (1980), \u201cManagement of large software development efforts\u201d, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 45\u201055.","DOI":"10.2307\/249336"}],"container-title":["Team Performance Management: An International Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/13527590210425077","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/13527590210425077\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/13527590210425077\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:25:23Z","timestamp":1753403123000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/tpm\/article\/8\/1-2\/39-48\/379868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1\/2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/13527590210425077"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/13527590210425077","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-7592"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-7592","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,1]]}}}