{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T10:10:53Z","timestamp":1762251053677,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]],"date-time":"2005-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117584000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>To propose a holistic framework for understanding the \u201cknowledge\u2010management (KM) gap\u201d \u2013 illustrating six types of gaps that might occur within KM activities.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>The content\u2010analytical approach with the thematic analysis was implemented in the study. Through an in\u2010depth interview with the top managers of two firms, explores the causes of these gaps and fundamental approaches to bridging these gaps.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>This study identifies a comprehensive set of factors that could potentially impact the magnitude and direction of these gaps and the corrective actions to enhance the success of the implementation of the KM system.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>The study has done in\u2010depth interviews with only two firms and five companies. The results may need to be validated by a robust survey. Reasons for these gaps and several fundamental approaches to avoid them are presented.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>This framework is expected to provide a convenient way to audit KM gaps and, thus, enterprises can make corrections and adjustments accordingly to greatly enhance their chances of success while implementing the KM system.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Proposes an innovative framework of \u201cKM gaps\u201d to fully illustrate the management gaps that might occur during the implementation of KM. Furthermore, the actions to reduce the misfit between the capability and implementation of KM systems are also demonstrated.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270510602755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,31]],"date-time":"2005-05-31T20:02:59Z","timestamp":1117569779000},"page":"36-50","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Case study on knowledge\u2010management gaps"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Chinho","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong\u2010Mau","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu\u2010Mei","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahn, J.H. and Chang, S.G. (2004), \u201cAssessing the contribution of knowledge to business performance: the KP3 methodology\u201d, Decision Support Systems, Vol. 36, pp. 403\u201016.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-9236(03)00029-0"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson, T.K. and Felsenfeld, S. (2003), \u201cA thematic analysis of late recovery from stuttering\u201d, American Journal of Speech\u2010Language Pathology, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 243\u201053.","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2003\/070)"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ardichvili, A., Page, V. and Wentling, T. (2003), \u201cMotivation and barriers to participation in virtual knowledge\u2010sharing communities of practice\u201d, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 7, pp. 64\u201077.","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270310463626"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barney, J. (1995), \u201cLooking inside for competitive advantage\u201d, Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 9 No. 4, pp. 49\u201061.","DOI":"10.5465\/ame.1995.9512032192"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrett, M., Cappleman, S., Shoib, G. and Walsham, G. (2004), \u201cLearning in knowledge communities: managing technology and context\u201d, European Management Journal, Vol. 22, pp. 1\u201011.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emj.2003.11.019"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b6","unstructured":"Berg, B.L. (2000), Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Science, Allyn & Bacon, Boston, MA."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhatt, G.D. (2002), \u201cManagement strategies for individual knowledge and organizational knowledge\u201d, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 6, pp. 31\u20109.","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270210417673"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bryman, A. and Burgess, R.G. (1999), Qualitative Research, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446263150"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang, J., Choi, B. and Lee, H. (2004), \u201cAn organizational memory for facilitating knowledge: an application to e\u2010business architecture\u201d, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 26, pp. 203\u201015.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0957-4174(03)00135-0"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, B. and Lee, H. (2003), \u201cAn empirical investigation of KM styles and their effect on corporate performance\u201d, Information & Management, Vol. 40, pp. 403\u201017.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7206(02)00060-5"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b12","unstructured":"Davenport, T.H. and Prusak, L. (1998), Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They Know, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Desouza, K.C. (2003), \u201cStrategic contributions of game rooms to knowledge management: some preliminary insights\u201d, Information & Management, Vol. 41, pp. 63\u201074.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7206(03)00027-2"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ditillo, A. (2004), \u201cDealing with uncertainty in knowledge\u2010intensive firms: the role of management control systems as knowledge integration mechanisms\u201d, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 29, pp. 401\u201021.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aos.2003.12.001"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"du Plessis, M. and Boon, J.A. (2004), \u201cKnowledge management in eBusiness and customer relationship management: South African case study findings\u201d, International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 24, pp. 73\u201086.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2003.10.002"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Engelhard, J. and N\u00e4, J. (2003), \u201cOrganizational learning in subsidiaries of multinational companies in Russia\u201d, Journal of World Business, Vol. 38, pp. 262\u201077.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-9516(03)00022-1"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goh, S.C. (2002), \u201cManaging effective knowledge transfer: an integrative framework and some practice implications\u201d, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 6, pp. 23\u201030.","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270210417664"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta, B., Iyer, L.S. and Aronson, J.E. (2000), \u201cKnowledge management: practices and challenges\u201d, Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 100 No. 1, pp. 17\u201021.","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570010273018"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hall, R. and Andriani, P. (2002), \u201cManaging knowledge for innovation\u201d, Long Range Planning, Vol. 35, pp. 29\u201048.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-6301(02)00019-5"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b19","unstructured":"Hammersley, M. (1996), \u201cThe relationship between qualitative and quantitative research: paradigm loyalty versus methodological eclecticism\u201d, in Richardson, J.T.E. (Ed.), Handbook of Research Methods for Psychology and the Social Sciences, BPS Books, Leicester."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hedlund, G. (1994), \u201cA model of knowledge management and the n\u2010form corporation\u201d, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 15, pp. 73\u201090.","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250151006"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holsapple, C.W. and Joshi, K.D. (2002), \u201cKnowledge manipulation activities: results of a Delphi study\u201d, Information & Management, Vol. 39, pp. 477\u201090.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7206(01)00109-4"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holsapple, C.W. and Singh, M. (2001), \u201cThe knowledge chain model: activities for competitiveness\u201d, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 20, pp. 77\u201098.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0957-4174(00)00050-6"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hooff, B.V., Vijvers, J. and Deridder, J. (2003), \u201cFoundations and applications of a knowledge management scan\u201d, European Management Journal, Vol. 21, pp. 237\u201046.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0263-2373(03)00018-5"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamarra, J.M., Chimay, J.A. and Carillo, P.M. (2002), \u201cA CLEVER approach to selecting a knowledge management strategy\u201d, International Journal of Project Management, Vol. 20, pp. 205\u201011.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0263-7863(01)00070-9"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khera, N., Stroobant, T., Primhak, R.A., Gupta, R. and Davies, H. (2001), \u201cTraining the ideal hospital doctor: the specialist registrars\u2019 perspective\u201d, Medical Education, Vol. 35, pp. 957\u201066.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2001.01019.x"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, Y.G., Yu, S.H. and Lee, J.H. (2003), \u201cKnowledge strategy planning: methodology and case\u201d, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 24, pp. 295\u2010307.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0957-4174(02)00158-6"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kreng, V.B. and Tsai, C.M. (2003), \u201cThe construct and application of knowledge diffusion model\u201d, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 25, pp. 177\u201086.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0957-4174(03)00045-9"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwan, M.M. and Balasubramanian, P. (2003), \u201cKnowledgeScope: managing knowledge in context\u201d, Decision Support Systems, Vol. 35, pp. 467\u201086.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-9236(02)00126-4"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, H. and Choi, B. (2003), \u201cKnowledge management enablers, processes, and organizational performance: an integrative view and empirical examination\u201d, Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 20, p. 179.","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2003.11045756"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liebowitz, J., Rubenstein\u2010Montano, B., Buchwalter, J., McCaw, D., Newman, B. and Rebeck, K. (2001), \u201cA systems thinking framework for knowledge management\u201d, Decision Support Systems, Vol. 31, pp. 5\u201016.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-9236(00)00116-0"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorrich, N.P. Jr, Pierce, J.C. and John, P.C. (1984), \u201c\u2018Knowledge gap\u2019 phenomena: effect of situation\u2010specific and trans\u2010situational factors\u201d, Communication Research, Vol. 11, pp. 415\u201035.","DOI":"10.1177\/009365084011003005"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin, J.E. and Oliver, S. (2000), \u201cManaging team knowledge: core processes, tools and enabling factors\u201d, European Management Journal, Vol. 18 No. 3, pp. 334\u201041.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0263-2373(00)00015-3"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mitri, M. (2003), \u201cApplying tacit knowledge management techniques for performance assessment\u201d, Computers & Education, Vol. 41, pp. 173\u201089.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-1315(03)00034-4"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moller, K. and Svahn, S. (2004), \u201cCrossing East\u2010West boundaries: knowledge sharing in intercultural business networks\u201d, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 33, pp. 219\u201028.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indmarman.2003.10.011"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ndlela, L.T. and Toit, A.S. (2001), \u201cEstablishing a knowledge management programme for competitive advantage in an enterprise\u201d, International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 21, pp. 151\u201065.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-4012(01)00007-X"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nomura, T. (2002), \u201cDesign of \u2018Ba\u2019 for successful knowledge management: how enterprises should design the places of interaction to gain competitive advantage\u201d, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, Vol. 25, pp. 263\u201078.","DOI":"10.1006\/jnca.2002.0139"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b39","unstructured":"Nonaka, I. (1991), \u201cThe knowledge\u2010creating company\u201d, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 69, pp. 96\u2010104."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nonaka, I., Toyama, R. and Konno, N. (2000), \u201cSECI, Ba and leadership: a unified model of dynamic knowledge creation\u201d, Long Range Planning, Vol. 33, pp. 5\u201034.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-6301(99)00115-6"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pana, S.L. and Leidnerb, D.E. (2003), \u201cBridging communities of practice with information technology in pursuit of global knowledge sharing\u201d, Journal of Strategic Information Systems, Vol. 12, pp. 71\u201088.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0963-8687(02)00023-9"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b43","unstructured":"Probst, G., Raub, S. and Romhardt, K. (2000), Managing Knowledge Building\u2010Blocks for Success, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Read, W.H. (1962), \u201cUpward communication in industrial hierarchies\u201d, Human Relations, Vol. 15, pp. 3\u201015.","DOI":"10.1177\/001872676201500101"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sang, M.L. and Soongoo, H. (2002), \u201cAn enterprise\u2010wide knowledge management system infrastructure\u201d, Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 102 No. 1, pp. 17\u201025.","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570210414622"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharkie, R. (2003), \u201cKnowledge creation and its place in the development of sustainable competitive advantage\u201d, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 7, pp. 20\u201031.","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270310463590"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b48","unstructured":"Stake, R. (1998), \u201cStrategies of qualitative inquiry\u201d, in Denzin, N.K. and Lincoln, Y.S. (Eds), Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, pp. 86\u2010109."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suyeon, K., Suh, E. and Hwang, H. (2003), \u201cBuilding the knowledge map: an industrial case study\u201d, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 7, p. 34.","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270310477270"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b51","unstructured":"Tiwana, A. (2001), The Knowledge Management Toolkit: Practical Techniques for Building Knowledge Management Systems, Prentice\u2010Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b52","unstructured":"Turban, E., Mclean, E. and Wetherbe, J. (2002), Information Technology for Management \u2013 Transforming Business in the Digital Economy, 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wild, R.H., Griggs, K.A. and Downing, T. (2002), \u201cA framework for e\u2010learning as a tool for knowledge management\u201d, Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 102 No. 7, pp. 371\u201080.","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570210439463"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Woo, J.H., Clayton, M.J., Johnson, R.E., Flores, B.E. and Ellis, C. (2004), \u201cDynamic knowledge map: reusing experts\u2019 tacit knowledge in the AEC industry\u201d, Automation in Construction, Vol. 13, pp. 203\u20107.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2003.09.003"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b54","unstructured":"Yin, R.K. (1988), Case Study Research: Design and Methods, Sage, Newbury Park, CA."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b55","unstructured":"Yin, R.K. (1994), Case Study Research: Design and Methods, 2nd ed., Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b56","unstructured":"Zack, M.H. (1999), \u201cManaging codified knowledge\u201d, Sloan Management Review, Summer, pp. 45\u201057."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeithaml, V.A., Berry, L.B. and Parasuraman, A. (1988), \u201cCommunication and control processes in the delivery of service quality\u201d, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 52, pp. 35\u201048.","DOI":"10.1177\/002224298805200203"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_frg11","unstructured":"Cohen, S.G. (1993), \u201cNew approaches to teams and teamwork\u201d, in Galbraith, J.R., Lawler, E.E. et al. (Eds), Organization for the Future: The New Logic for Managing Complex Organizations, Jossey\u2010Bass, San Francisco, CA, pp. 194\u2010226."},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_frg36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newman, K. and Pyne, T. (1996), \u201cQuality matters: junior doctors\u2019 perceptions\u201d, Journal of Management in Medicine, Vol. 10 No. 4, pp. 12\u201023.","DOI":"10.1108\/02689239610127770"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_frg41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Palaniswamy, R. (2002), \u201cAn innovation \u2013 diffusion view of implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and development of a research model\u201d, Information & Management, Vol. 40, pp. 87\u2010114.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7206(01)00135-5"},{"key":"key2022021220160313900_frg49","unstructured":"Strauss, A. and Corbin, J. (1990), Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques, Sage, Newbury Park, CA."}],"container-title":["Journal of Knowledge Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/13673270510602755","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/13673270510602755\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/13673270510602755\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:10:51Z","timestamp":1753402251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jkm\/article\/9\/3\/36-50\/261819"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/13673270510602755"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/13673270510602755","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-3270"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1367-3270"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]]}}}