{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T01:24:43Z","timestamp":1773797083131,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,13]],"date-time":"2012-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>The main purpose of the paper is to explore the relationship between the design of inter\u2010organizational connections, the processes for knowledge creation and transfer, and innovation. The study aims to focus on the partnership between Firema, a medium\u2010large Italian company in the rail industry sector, and TEST, a research consortium.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>The coordination model defining the cooperative relationship is interpreted in the temporary project network (TPN) framework. In applying the methodology of case study analysis, a semi\u2010structured in\u2010depth interview was used as a tool and, in particular, interviews aimed at privileged observers.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>TEST, acting as a meta\u2010organizer, has the crucial role of organizing, governing and tuning the network of university departments, in synergy with Firema. The analysis draws attention to the possibility that TPNs are embedded in \u201clatent networks\u201d, in which inter\u2010organizational ties are routinely activated in order to accomplish a specific project.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>The authors provide a pragmatic description of the TPN\u2010related innovation activities and this may be valuable for managers and\/or policy makers who wish to know about best practices in organizing networks directed to innovation. Practical considerations and methods that increase knowledge transfer while minimizing inter\u2010organizational coordination costs are explored.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>This study was able to expand the understanding of TPNs in two respects. First, only a few studies have adopted the TPN framework to investigate the inter\u2010organizational coordination mechanisms among small or medium organizations. Second, the findings related to the TPN structural properties \u2013 time, team, task and context \u2013 deviate from how some have framed the ideal type TPN as in most senses unique, solving one\u2010off tasks between relative strangers.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/13673271211246176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,7]],"date-time":"2012-07-07T07:08:26Z","timestamp":1341644906000},"page":"604-616","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Knowledge creation and inter\u2010organizational relationships: the development of innovation in the railway industry"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mario","family":"Pezzillo Iacono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Mangia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Galdiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022021720050251500_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adenfeld, M. and Lagerstr\u00f6m, K. 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