{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T18:08:11Z","timestamp":1754158091820,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]],"date-time":"2005-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1122854400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this paper we present a roadmap for the elicitation of business rules based on different stakeholders' perspectives, in order to facilitate the processes of structuring, organizing and expressing business tactic and policy in a way that it is close to the business milieu and stakeholders' viewpoints.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper has derived from a combined research practice. Initially, the development of a roadmap for understanding different stakeholders' perspectives and for identifying their views on business tactics and policies was based on well\u2010grounded work on enterprise goal modelling, combined with a theoretical study of business rule \u2013 related concepts. The outcome of this work was tested against a real business case dealing with the development of an electronic procurement system in the pre\u2010fabricated construction sector.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a conclusion, the paper put forward a comprehensive methodological framework for dealing with rule\u2010intensive projects. The proposed roadmap can help IT practitioners in collecting and organizing business rule statements that apply within a particular organization, either towards the implementation of change on a business level, or in the context of specifying the (existing or future) functionality of supporting information systems (IS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rule roadmap presented here has been coupled with a modelling approach for expressing rules in a structured, consistent manner and for organizing them in a rule repository. Future work includes the extension of this approach to cover design and implementation as part of rule\u2010centric information systems engineering.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Therefore, the overall contribution of this work relates to the provision of guidance for identifying business policy and tactics at an intentional level (through the investigation of the rationale behind them) and for transforming relevant models to the operational level, where business rules are linked to business processes, information and systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the business rule concept has been examined from different points of view over the past years, the paper attempts to bridge the gap between approaches that see rules as extensions of business goals, other approaches that consider rules as limitations on the way business activities are performed, and finally, approaches according to which rules constrain the creation, modification and deletion of information entities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/14637150510609381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,9]],"date-time":"2005-08-09T00:30:40Z","timestamp":1123547440000},"page":"316-348","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A roadmap for the elicitation of business rules in information systems projects"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Panos","family":"Kardasis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peri","family":"Loucopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahn, J.H. and Skudlark, A.E. (1997), \u201cResolving conflict of interests in the process of an information system implementation for advanced telecommunication services\u201d, Journal of Information Technology, Vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 3\u201013.","DOI":"10.1177\/026839629701200101"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amghar, Y., Meziane, M. and Flory, A. (2000), \u201cUsing business rules within a design process of active databases\u201d, Idea Group Publishing, Vol. 11 No. 3, pp. 3\u201015.","DOI":"10.4018\/jdm.2000070101"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Assche, F.V., Layzell, P., Loucopoulos, P. and Speltincx, G. (1988), \u201cInformation systems development: a rule\u2010based approach\u201d, Knowledge\u2010Based Systems, Vol. 1 No. 4.","DOI":"10.1016\/0950-7051(88)90033-0"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dardenne, A., Lamsweerde, A.V. and Fickas, S. (1993), \u201cGoal\u2010directed requirements acquisition\u201d, Science of Computer Programming, Vol. 20, pp. 3\u201050.","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-6423(93)90021-G"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dayal, U. (1988), \u201cActive database management systems\u201d, in Beeri, C., Schmidt, J.W. and Dayal, U. (Eds) paper presented at 3rd International Conference on Data and Knowledge Bases, Morgan Kaufmann, San Matheo, CA, pp. 150\u201069.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4832-1313-2.50019-6"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b6","unstructured":"Eriksson, H\u2010E. and Penker, M. (2000), Business Modelling with UML, OMG Group, Wiley Computer Publishing, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b7","unstructured":"Gottesdiener, E. (1997), \u201cBusiness rules show power, promise\u201d, Application Development Trends, Vol. 4 No. 3."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b8","unstructured":"Gottesdiener, E. (1999), \u201cDiscovering an organisation's knowledge: facilitating business rules workshops\u201d, paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Association of Facilitators, Williamsburg, Virginia."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b9","unstructured":"Halle, B.V. (1994), \u201cBack to business rule basics\u201d, Database Programming and Design, October, available at: www.dbpd.com\/vault\/new_online.shtml."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b10","unstructured":"Halpin, T. (1995), Conceptual Schema and Relational Database Design, Prentice\u2010Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b11","unstructured":"Hay, D. and Healy, K.A. (1997), \u201cBusiness rules: What are they really?\u201d, GUIDE (The IBM User Group), available at: www.BusinessRulesGroup.org."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herbst, H. (1996a), \u201cBusiness rule oriented conceptual modelling\u201d, PhD thesis, Physica\u2010Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-59260-7"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herbst, H. (1996b), \u201cBusiness rules in system analysis: a meta\u2010model and repository system\u201d, Information Systems, Vol. 21 No. 2, pp. 147\u201066.","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4379(96)00009-9"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b14","unstructured":"Herbst, H., Knolmayer, G., Myrach, T. and Schlesinger, M. (1994), \u201cThe specification of business rules: a comparison of selected methodologies\u201d, in Verijn\u2010Stuart, A.A. and Olle, T.W. (Eds), CRIS 94, University of Limburg, Maastricht."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b15","unstructured":"IDEF0 (1993), \u201cIntegration definition for function modelling (IDEF0)\u201d, Computer Systems Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, FIPS Pub 183, 21 December."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iivari, J. and Hirschheim, R. (1996), \u201cAnalysing information systems development: a comparison and analysis of eight is development approaches\u201d, Information Systems, Vol. 21 No. 7, pp. 551\u201075.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4379(96)00028-2"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b17","unstructured":"Kardasis, P. (2001), \u201cBusiness rule modelling\u201d, PhD thesis, Information Systems Engineering Group, Computation Department, UMIST, Manchester."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kardasis, P. and Loucopoulos, P. (1998), \u201cAligning legacy information systems to business processes\u201d, paper presented at 10th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE 98), Springer, Pisa.","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0054217"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b19","unstructured":"Kardasis, P. and Loucopoulos, P. (2003), Colorado Springs, CO4\u20106 June \u201cManaging business rules during the requirements engineering process in rule\u2010intensive IT projects\u201d, in Abramowicz, W. and Klein, G. (Eds) 6th International Conference on Business Information Systems (BIS 2003)."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b20","unstructured":"Kardasis, P., Prekas, N. and Loucopoulos, P. (2000), \u201cA framework of patterns for the banking sector\u201d, paper presented at DEXA 2000 DomE \u2013 International Workshop on Enterprise and Domain Engineering in conjunction with the DEXA 2000 Conference, IEEE, Greenwich , pp. 818\u201022."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kavakli, V. and Loucopoulos, P. (1998), \u201cGoal\u2010driven business process analysis \u2013 application in electricity deregulation\u201d, in Pernici, B. and Thanos, C. (Eds) 10th International Conference on Advanced Systems Engineering (CAiSE 98), Springer, Pisa.","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0054232"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b22","unstructured":"Krammer, M.I. (1997), \u201cBusiness rules: automating business policies and practicies\u201d, Distributed Computing Monitor, May."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lacity, M.C. and Hirschheim, R. (1995), \u201cBenchmarking as a strategy for managing conflicting stakeholder perceptions of information systems\u201d, Journal of Strategic Information Systems, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 165\u201085.","DOI":"10.1016\/0963-8687(95)80023-J"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b24","unstructured":"Loucopoulos, P. (2000), \u201cFrom information modelling to enterprise modelling\u201d, in Brinkkemper, S., Lindencrona, E. and Solvberg, A. (Eds), Information Systems Engineering: State if the Art and Research Themes, Springer, New York, NY, pp. 67\u201078."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loucopoulos, p. and Katsouli, E. (1992), \u201cModelling business rules in an office environment\u201d, SIGOIS Bulletin, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 28\u201037.","DOI":"10.1145\/134376.134384"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b26","unstructured":"Loucopoulos, P. and Kavakli, E. (1995), \u201cEnterprise modelling and the teleological approach to requirements engineering\u201d, International Journal of Intelligent and Cooperative Information Systems, Vol. 4 No. 1."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b27","unstructured":"Loucopoulos, P. and Kavakli, V. (1997), \u201cEnterprise knowledge management and conceptual modelling\u201d, paper presented at ER'97 Preconference Symposium, Springer\u2010Verlag, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loucopoulos, P., McBrien, P., Schumacker, F., Theodoulidis, B., Kopanas, V. and Wangler, B. (1991a), \u201cIntegrating database technology, rule\u2010based systems and temporal reasoning for effective information systems: the TEMPORA paradigm\u201d, Journal of Information Systems, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 129\u201052.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2575.1991.tb00032.x"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b29","unstructured":"Loucopoulos, P., McBrien, P. and Theodoulidis, C. (1991b), \u201cTEMPORA \u2013 databases, rule\u2010based systems and temporal logic for more effective information systems\u201d, IEEE Office Knowledge Engineering Newsletter."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b30","unstructured":"Loucopoulos, P., Kavakli, V., Prekas, N., Dimitromanolaki, I., Yilmazturk, N., Rolland, C., Grosz, G., Nurcan, S., Beis, D. and Vgontzas, G. (1998), \u201cThe ELEKTRA project: enterprise knowledge modelling for change in the distribution unit of the public power corporation\u201d, paper presented at the 2nd IMACS International Conference on Circuits, Systems and Computers (IMACS\u2010CSC '98), Hellenic Naval Academy, Athens, pp. 330\u20106."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b31","unstructured":"Lyytinen, K. (1988), \u201cStakeholders, IS failures and soft systems methodology: an assessment\u201d, Journal of Applied Systems Analysis, Vol. 15, pp. 61\u201081."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McBrien, P., Niezette, M., Pantazis, D., Seltveit, A.H., Sundin, U., Theodoulidis, B., Tziallas, G. and Wohed, R. (1991), \u201cA rule language to capture and model business policy specification\u201d, CAiSE*91, Springer, Trondheim.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-54059-8_91"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b34","unstructured":"McMenamin, S.M. and Palmer, J.F. (1984), Essential Systems Analysis, Yourdon Press, Englewood Cliffs, NJ."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b32","unstructured":"Martin, J. and Odell, J. (1998), Object\u2010Oriented Methods: A Foundation \u2013 UML Edition, Prentice\u2010Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b35","unstructured":"Mens, K., Wuyts, R., Bontridder, D. and Grijseels, A. (1998), Tools and Environments for Business Rules, ECOOP'98, Brussels."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b36","unstructured":"Moriarty, T. (1993), \u201cThe next paradigm\u201d, Database Programming and Design."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nuseibeh, B., Krammer, J. and Finkelstein, A. (1994), \u201cA framework for expressing the relationships between multiple views in requirements specification\u201d, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 20 No. 10.","DOI":"10.1109\/32.328995"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b38","unstructured":"Pohl, K. (1993), \u201cThe three dimensions of requirements engineering\u201d, in Rolland, C., Bodart, F. and Cauvet, C. (Eds) paper presented at the Fifth International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering, Springer, Pisa."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pouloudi, A. and Whitley, E.A. (1997), \u201cStakeholder identification in inter\u2010organisational systems: gaining insights for drug use management\u201d, European Journal of Information Systems, Vol. 6 No. 1, pp. 1\u201014.","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ejis.3000252"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prekas, N. and Loucopoulos, P. (2000), \u201cA unifying framework for representing structural and operational aspects of electricity sector deregulation\u201d, Requirements Engineering Journal, Vol. 5 No. 1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s007660070019"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b41","unstructured":"Robinson, K. and Berrisford, G. (1994), Object\u2010Oriented SSADM, Prentice\u2010Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b42","unstructured":"Rosca, D. and Wild, C. (1996), \u201cBusiness rules in the real world: a decision support approach\u201d, paper presented at The Software Engineering and Software Engineering Conference (SEKE96), Lake Tahoe, NE."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b43","unstructured":"Rosca, D., Greenspan, S., Wild, C., Reubenstein, H., Maly, K. and Feblowitz, M. (1995), \u201cApplication of a decision support mechanism to the business rules lifecycle\u201d, paper presented at the 10th Knowledge\u2010Based Software Engineering Conference (KBSE95), Boston, MA."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b44","unstructured":"Ross, R.G. (1997), \u201cThe business rule book: classifying, defining and modelling rules\u201d, Data Base Newsletter."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b45","unstructured":"Ross, R.G. and Lam, G. (1998), Putting Business Rules to Work: A Tutorial and Workshop on Business Rules, Business Tactics and Policies, Business Rule Forum, Section 1, Technology Transfer Institute, Chicago, IL."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruohonen, M. (1991), \u201cStakeholders of strategic information systems planning: theoretical concepts and empirical examples\u201d, Journal of Strategic Information Systems, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 15\u201028.","DOI":"10.1016\/0963-8687(91)90004-3"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b47","unstructured":"Snoeck, M. and Poels, G. (2000), \u201cAnalogical reuse of structural and behavioural aspects of event\u2010based object\u2010oriented domain models\u201d, paper presented at the International Workshop on Enterprise and Domain Engineering \u2013 DomE 2000 (within the DEXA 2000 Conference), IEEE, Greenwich."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Theodoulidis, C., Loucopoulos, P. and Wangler, B. (1990), \u201cRequirements specification in TEMPORA\u201d, paper presented at the 2nd Nordic Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE 90), Springer, Stockholm.","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0000597"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vidgen, R. (1997), \u201cStakeholders, soft system and technology: separation and mediation in the analysis of information system requirements\u201d, Information Systems Journal, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 21\u201046.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2575.1997.00003.x"},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b50","unstructured":"Wangler, B., Holmin, S., Loucopoulos, P., Kardasis, P., Xini, G. and Filippidou, D. (1999), \u201cA customer profiling framework for the banking sector\u201d, paper presented at the 9th European \u2013 Japanese Conference on Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases, IOS Press, Amsterdam."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b51","unstructured":"Whitten, J.L. and Bentley, L. (1998), Systems Analysis and Design Methods, McGraw\u2010Hill, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b52","unstructured":"Yu, E. (1995), \u201cModelling strategic relationships for process reengineering\u201d, PhD thesis, University of Toronto."},{"key":"key2022012120393783000_b53","unstructured":"Zaniolo, C., Ceri, S., Faloutsos, C., Snodgrass, R., Subrahmanian, V.S. and Zicari, R. (1997), Advanced Database Systems, Morgan Kaufmann, San Matheo, CA."}],"container-title":["Business Process Management Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/14637150510609381","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/14637150510609381\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/14637150510609381\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:35:46Z","timestamp":1753403746000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/bpmj\/article\/11\/4\/316-348\/272564"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/14637150510609381"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/14637150510609381","relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-7154"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1463-7154"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]]}}}