{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T18:05:10Z","timestamp":1754157910038,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,30]],"date-time":"2011-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314662400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>XML has spread beyond the computer science fields and reached other areas such as, e\u2010commerce, identification, information storage, instant messaging and others. Data communicated over these domains are now mainly based on XML. Thus, allowing non\u2010expert programmers to manipulate and control their XML data is essential. The purpose of this paper is to present an XA2C framework intended for both non\u2010expert and expert programmers and provide them with means to write\/draw their XML data manipulation operations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the literature, this issue has been dealt with from two perspectives: first, XML alteration\/adaptation techniques requiring a certain level of expertise to be implemented and are not unified yet; and second, Mashups, which are not formally defined yet and are not specific to XML data, and XML\u2010oriented visual languages are based on structural transformations and data extraction mainly and do not allow XML textual data manipulations. The paper discusses existing approaches and the XA2C framework is presented.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The framework is defined based on the dataflow paradigm (visual diagram compositions) while taking advantage of both Mashups and XML\u2010oriented visual languages by defining a well\u2010founded modular architecture and an XML\u2010oriented visual functional composition language based on colored petri nets allowing functional compositions. The framework takes advantage of existing XML alteration\/adaptation techniques by defining them as XML\u2010oriented manipulation functions. A prototype called XA2C is developed and presented here for testing and validating the authors' approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper presents a detailed description of an XML\u2010oriented manipulation framework implementing the XML\u2010oriented composition definition language.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/17440081111165884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,10]],"date-time":"2011-09-10T07:15:27Z","timestamp":1315638927000},"page":"240-269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["XA2C: a framework for manipulating XML data"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Gilbert","family":"Tekli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Chbeir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Fayolle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022012520291390900_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adelberg, B. 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