{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T09:19:01Z","timestamp":1763543941649,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]],"date-time":"2011-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319068800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to propose a new grey system model used for prediction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>It had been proven that the GM(1,1) model is a biased exponential model, the model is fit for non\u2010negative raw data, which accord with or basically accord with the exponential form and do not have a quick growth rate. Based on the results, an unbiased GM(1,1) model was proposed. With the method of transforming every datum of raw data sequence into its 2\u2010th root, a new data sequence from the raw data sequence can be produced. The new data sequence is used to establish an unbiased GM(1,1) model and statistical experiments and a practical example in load forecasting are given in the paper.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of statistical experiments and a practical example in load forecasting show the proposed method is effective in increasing the accuracy of the model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The model exposed in the paper can be used for constructing models of prediction in many fields such as agriculture, electric power, IT, transportation, economics, management, etc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper succeeds in proposing a modified unbiased GM(1,1) model that has high accuracy. The model is applied to the field of load forecasting and the results show the model is better than the unbiased GM(1,1) model. The model proposed has great theoretical and practical value.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/20439371111181206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,12]],"date-time":"2011-11-12T07:07:46Z","timestamp":1321081666000},"page":"192-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A modified unbiased GM(1,1) model"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Peirong","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenchen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022012320024386200_b1","unstructured":"Deng, J.L. (2002), Grey Forecast and Decision, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, Wuhan."},{"key":"key2022012320024386200_b9","unstructured":"Ji, P.R., Chen, J. and Zheng, W.C. (2008), \u201cTheory of grey systems and its application in electric load forecasting\u201d, paper presented at IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent Systems, CIS 2008, Chengdou."},{"key":"key2022012320024386200_b5","unstructured":"Ji, P.R., Hu, X.Y. and Xiong, D.Q. (1999), \u201cSome analysis and evaluation of grey prediction model\u201d, Science of Hydraulic and Electric Energy Resources, Vol. 17 No. 2, pp. 42\u20104."},{"key":"key2022012320024386200_b8","unstructured":"Ji, P.R., Huang, W.S. and Hu, X.Y. (2000), \u201cAn unbiased grey forecasting model\u201d, Systems Engineering and Electronics, Vol. 22 No. 6, pp. 6\u20107."},{"key":"key2022012320024386200_b6","unstructured":"Ji, P.R., Huang, W.S. and Hu, X.Y. (2001), \u201cA study on the properties of grey forecasting model\u201d, Systems Engineering Theory & Practice, Vol. 21 No. 9, pp. 105\u20108, 139."},{"key":"key2022012320024386200_b7","unstructured":"Ji, P.R., Luo, X.J. and Zou, H.B. (2007), \u201cA study on properties of GM(1,1) model and direct GM(1,1) model\u201d, Proceedings of 2007 IEEE International Conference on Grey System and Intelligent Services, Nanjing, China, pp. 399\u2010403."},{"key":"key2022012320024386200_b3","unstructured":"Liu, S.F. and Lin, Y. (2006), Grey Information: Theory and Practical Application, Springer, London."},{"key":"key2022012320024386200_b2","unstructured":"Liu, S.F., Dang, Y.G. and Fang, Z.G. (2004), Grey System Theory and its Application, Science Press, Beijing."},{"key":"key2022012320024386200_b4","unstructured":"Xiong, G. and Chen, Z.C. (1992), \u201cThe shortcoming of grey forcasting model and a modified for it\u201d, System Engineering, Vol. 10 No. 6, pp. 32\u20106."}],"container-title":["Grey Systems: Theory and Application"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/20439371111181206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/20439371111181206\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/20439371111181206\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:52:34Z","timestamp":1753401154000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/gs\/article\/1\/3\/192-201\/91799"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/20439371111181206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/20439371111181206","relation":{},"ISSN":["2043-9377"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2043-9377"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]]}}}