{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T15:08:47Z","timestamp":1776870527062,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,17]],"date-time":"2012-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1345161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>In practical engineering, there are various sequences. The purpose of this paper is to improve and put forward a new model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Based on the generalized accumulated generating operation, the paper improved the GM(1,1) cosine model and proposed the GAGM(1,1) cosine model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is found that the GAGM(1,1) cosine model can satisfy many kinds of periodic sequences and the precision of GAGM(1,1) cosine model is higher than the GM(1,1) model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper shows that the GAGM(1,1) cosine model has important theoretic and practical significance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/20439371211260117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,13]],"date-time":"2014-11-13T12:10:36Z","timestamp":1415880636000},"page":"141-147","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Generalized accumulated GM(1,1) cosine model and its application"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Junliang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Liao","family":"Ruiquan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Xiaochun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022020119495386800_b8","unstructured":"Jie, L., Junliang, L. and Ruiquan, L. (2008), \u201cNon\u2010equidistance generalized accumulated grey forecast model and its application\u201d, Proceedings of the 29th Chinese Control Conference, Beijing, China, July 29\u201031, pp. 304\u20108."},{"key":"key2022020119495386800_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jjunliang, L. and Ruiquan, L. (2010), \u201cGM(1,1) cosine model and its application\u201d, International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering, Wuhan, China, June 26\u201028, pp. 1088\u201091.","DOI":"10.1109\/iCECE.2010.275"},{"key":"key2022020119495386800_b5","unstructured":"Julong, D. (2001), \u201cUndulating grey model GM (1,1|tg (k\u2212\u03c4) p, sin (k\u2212\u03c4) p)\u201d, Journal of Grey System, Vol. 13 No. 3, pp. 201\u20104."},{"key":"key2022020119495386800_b7","unstructured":"Junliang, L. (2009), \u201cStudy on modeling and prediction of the ultimate bearing capacity based on the generalized gray model\u201d, Doctor's degree dissertation of Wuhan University of Technology."},{"key":"key2022020119495386800_b3","unstructured":"Jun\u2010liang, L., Xin\u2010ping, X. and Rui\u2010quan, L. (2010), \u201cNon\u2010equidistance GM (1,1) power and its application\u201d, Systems Engineering \u2013 Theory & Practice, Vol. 33 No. 3, pp. 490\u20105."},{"key":"key2022020119495386800_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J. and Xiao, X. (2008), \u201cMulti\u2010swarm and multi\u2010best particle swarm optimization algorithm\u201d, The 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, ChongQing, China, June 25\u201027, pp. 6281\u20106.","DOI":"10.1109\/WCICA.2008.4593876"},{"key":"key2022020119495386800_b1","unstructured":"Sifeng, L., Yaoguo, D. and Zhigeng, F. (2004), Grey System Theory and Its Application, Science Press, Beijing."},{"key":"key2022020119495386800_b2","unstructured":"Xinping, X., Lvcheng, D. and Jinmao, Z. (1997), Grey System Analysis Theory and Application, Dalian Maritime University Press, Dalian."},{"key":"key2022020119495386800_b6","unstructured":"Xinping, X., Zhongmin, S. and Feng, L. (2005), The Basic and Application of the Grey Technology, Science Press, Beijing."}],"container-title":["Grey Systems: Theory and Application"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/20439371211260117","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/20439371211260117\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/20439371211260117\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:52:38Z","timestamp":1753401158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/gs\/article\/2\/2\/141-147\/79092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,17]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/20439371211260117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/20439371211260117","relation":{},"ISSN":["2043-9377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2043-9377","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,17]]}}}