{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:56:47Z","timestamp":1754157407967,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,26]],"date-time":"2012-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,26]]},"abstract":"Purpose<\/jats:title>The purpose of this paper is to research comprehensively into the development pattern of the world's 110\u2010meter hurdles of the coming two years. It aims to provide a detailed reference to the preparation of the 2012 London Olympics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>The paper uses the GM (2, 1) model, GM (1, 1) model, GM (1, 1) residual fixing model, and the method of recursive compensation by grey numbers of identical dimensions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Findings<\/jats:title>In 2012, the strongest athletes of 110\u2010meter hurdles are predicted to be: USA athlete Oliver, USA athlete Ash and Cuba athlete Robles. Liu Xiang has the possibility of winning the medal in the 2012 London Olympics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Practical implications<\/jats:title>Because every athlete is an individual that grows up gradually, there are two characteristics in his information: continuity and incompleteness. We can use the grey system methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>The paper successfully applies the grey prediction to the case study in the field of competitive sports.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/20439371211273249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,22]],"date-time":"2012-10-22T12:11:24Z","timestamp":1350907884000},"page":"350-358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The analysis of the overall strength of the world's 2012 110\u2010meter hurdles of track and field \u2013 and the prediction of Liu Xiang's 2012 competitive level"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Liu","family":"Jiajin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sun","family":"Zijian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022020520283137900_frd1","unstructured":"Cheng, Q.Y. and Qiu, W.H. 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(2004), The Grey Systematic Theory and its Application, 3rd ed., The Science Press, Beijing."},{"key":"key2022020520283137900_frd15","unstructured":"Song, G.L. and Sun, J. (2006), \u201cCharacteristics of competitive age of excellent track and field athletes\u201d, Journal of Physical Education, Vol. 13 No. 4, pp. 128\u201030."},{"key":"key2022020520283137900_frd16","unstructured":"Wang, X.M., Zhang, J.H. and Wang, R. (2001), The Grey System Analysis and the Calculating Utility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, Beijing."},{"key":"key2022020520283137900_frd17","unstructured":"Wang, Z.X., Dang, Y.G., Liu, S.F. and Lian, Z.W. (2009), \u201cSolution of GM(1,1) power model and its properties\u201d, Systems Engineering and Electronics, Vol. 31 No. 10, pp. 2380\u20103."},{"key":"key2022020520283137900_frd18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, X.P. and Peng, K.K. 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(2005), \u201cDomestic and abroad comparison research on development tendency in the hurdle campaign\u201d, Guangzhou Physical Education, Vol. 25 No. 2, pp. 99\u2010102, 106."}],"container-title":["Grey Systems: Theory and Application"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/20439371211273249","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/20439371211273249\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/20439371211273249\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:52:41Z","timestamp":1753401161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/gs\/article\/2\/3\/350-358\/69262"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,26]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/20439371211273249"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/20439371211273249","relation":{},"ISSN":["2043-9377"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2043-9377"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,26]]}}}