{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T20:56:57Z","timestamp":1760043417896,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of verbal-imagery cognitive styles of information searching behavior of users in using the Web. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 In all, 44 participants were recruited for this study. The participants\u2019 cognitive styles were measured by using Riding's Cognitive Style Analysis test. Three search tasks were designed based on Kim's search task definitions. Moreover, an individual lab session was arranged and then participants\u2019 memos were analyzed using content analysis. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 In all, 48 strategies in four categories of behaviors in searching the Web were identified. There were associations between users\u2019 cognitive styles and their information searching behavior. The participants\u2019 selection of the search initiation behaviors varied, so that imagers suffered from more varied initial behavior than verbalizers. The verbalizers tended to search in a narrow area, then broadening the area and following structured navigation and reading behavior to process information, while imagers tended to search in a general area, then narrowing down the search and adopting mixed navigational styles and mixed behaviors to process information. This study revealed that there was a difference in search performance of verbalizers and imagers descriptively, as verbalizers spent more time compared to imagers and imagers visited more nodes than verbalizers for the tasks completion. In addition, the task was an important variable influencing the search performance. Based on the key findings (search initiation behaviors, formulating search queries, navigational behaviors, information processing behaviors), a conceptual pattern of Web searching and cognitive styles is presented. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The study provides a new understanding of Web users\u2019 information search behavior based on cognitive styles which contributes to the theoretical basis of Web search research. It also raises various questions within the context of user studies <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The paper adopted a mixed approach in the area of information searching on the Web. A valuable contribution lies in the methods developed.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ajim-02-2013-0019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,11]],"date-time":"2014-07-11T01:38:42Z","timestamp":1405042722000},"page":"401-423","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The impact of users\u2019 verbal\/imagery cognitive styles on their Web search behavior"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Nadjla","family":"Hariri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Asadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yazdan","family":"Mansourian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020123002474680100_b1","unstructured":"Beigi, A.\n                (2002), \u201cNormalization of Riding's cognitive styles analysis test\u201d, unpublished MSc dissertation, Kharazmi University, Iran."},{"key":"key2020123002474680100_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bystr\u00f6m, K\n                and \n                  J\u00e4rvelin, K.\n                (1995), \u201cTask complexity affects information-seeking and use\u201d, Information Processing and Management, Vol. 31 No. 2, pp. 191-213.","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(95)80035-R"},{"key":"key2020123002474680100_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cassidy, S.\n                (2004), \u201cLearning styles: an overview of theories models and measures\u201d, Educational Psychology, Vol. 24 No. 4, pp. 19-444.","DOI":"10.1080\/0144341042000228834"},{"key":"key2020123002474680100_b4","unstructured":"Chen, C.\n                and \n                  Lin, H.\n                (1998), \u201cThe effect of navigation map types and cognitive styles on learners\u2019 performance in a computer networked\u201d, Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, Vol. 7 Nos 2\/3, pp. 151-176."},{"key":"key2020123002474680100_b5","unstructured":"Coffield, F.\n               , \n                  Moseley, D.\n               , \n                  Hall, E.\n                and \n                  Ecclestone, K.\n                (2004), \u201cLearning styles and pedagogy in post-16 learning: a systematic and critical review\u201d, LSRC reference, Learning Skills Research Centre, London, available at: http:\/\/lerenleren.nu\/bronnen\/Learning%20styles%20by%20Coffield%20e.a..pdf (accessed October 4, 2012)."},{"key":"key2020123002474680100_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crossland, M.D.\n               , \n                  Herschel, R.T.\n               , \n                  Perkins, W.C.\n                and \n                  Scudder, J.N.\n                (2000), \u201cThe impact of task and cognitive style on decision-making effectiveness using a geographic information system\u201d, Journal of End User Computing, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 14-23.","DOI":"10.4018\/joeuc.2000010102"},{"key":"key2020123002474680100_b7","unstructured":"Ellis, D.\n               , \n                  Ford, N.\n                and \n                  Wood, F.\n                (1992), Hypertext and Learning Styles. 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