{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T10:56:33Z","timestamp":1768820193802,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The purpose of this paper is to introduce a method of the bottleneck detection for Emergency Department (ED) improvement using benchmarking and design of experiments (DOE) in simulation model. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 Four procedures of treatments are used to represent ED activities of the patient flow. Simulation modeling is applied as a cost-effective tool to analyze the ED operation. Benchmarking provides the achievable goal for the improvement. DOE speeds up the process of bottleneck search. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Findings<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 It is identified that the long waiting time is accumulated by previous arrival patients waiting for treatment in the ED. Comparing the processing time of each treatment procedure with the benchmark reveals that increasing the treatment time mainly happens in treatment in progress and emergency room holding (ERH) procedures. It also indicates that the to be admitted time caused by the transfer delay is a common case. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The current research is conducted in the ED only. Activities in the ERH require a close cooperation of several medical teams to complete patients\u2019 condition evaluations. The current model may be extended to the related medical units to improve the model detail. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 ED overcrowding is an increasingly significant public healthcare problem. Bottlenecks that affect ED overcrowding have to be detected to improve the patient flow. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 Integration of benchmarking and DOE in simulation modeling proposed in this research shows the promise in time-saving for bottleneck detection of ED operations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/bpmj-06-2014-0060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,28]],"date-time":"2015-05-28T11:32:26Z","timestamp":1432812746000},"page":"564-585","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Bottleneck detection for improvement of Emergency Department efficiency"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yuancheng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingjin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trevor","family":"Strome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Weldon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alecs","family":"Chochinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020122321112222600_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abo-Hamad, W.\n and \n Arisha, A.\n (2013), \u201cSimulation-based framework to improve patient experience in an emergency department\u201d, \n European Journal of Operational Research\n , Vol. 224 No. 1, pp. 154-166.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2012.07.028"},{"key":"key2020122321112222600_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aboueljinane, L.\n , \n Sahin, E.\n and \n Jemai, Z.\n (2013), \u201cA review on simulation models applied to emergency medical service operations\u201d, \n Computers & Industrial Engineering\n , Vol. 66 No. 4, pp. 734-750.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2013.09.017"},{"key":"key2020122321112222600_b3","unstructured":"Arnold, J.T.\n (2011), \n Introduction to Materials Management\n , 5E. 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