{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T20:21:01Z","timestamp":1781814061732,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BPMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This research is set to assess the achievement of digital economy through digitalization adoption (DA) among Small Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). For more insightful findings, a comparison between the service-based and non-service-based industries was performed. Besides, it endeavours to identify the\u00a0important and performing dimension of the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quantitative approach through purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from the SMEs. Variance-based structural equation modeling was adopted to assess the model and multi-group analysis (MGA) was executed to examine the difference between the two classified industries. For the identification of the dimension, Importance-Performance Map Aanalysis (IPMA) was carried out.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Technology and organization recorded significant positive influence on digitalization adoption but not environment. Digitalization adoption between the two classified industries shows divergent results. IPMA concur the importance and performance of the technology and organization dimension, in which SMEs shall focus on for digitalization adoption.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is cross sectional research and data were collected at a single time frame. Hence, the result is a state-or-art finding. Assuming that if there are changes in government policies, the results may differ. Besides, there are other possible groupings that could affect the results in which is not covered in the present research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings imply that the DA amongst SMEs has yet to achieve its full spectrum, which indicates Malaysia has yet to fully embrace digital economy. Nevertheless, DA is the fundamental for a successful digital economy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Social implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>This research provides the general public an overview that SMEs are adopting digitalization with various degree. This specifies that the society is paving towards digitalization with the SMEs actively adopting more digital technologies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The novelty of this research arises from the utilization of the TOE framework to link to the achievement of the national digital economy. Additionally, current research adopted a rigorous approach to investigate the issue by using MGA, the hierarchical component model (HCM) and IPMA for holistic findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/bpmj-06-2022-0282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T02:37:56Z","timestamp":1666319876000},"page":"1473-1494","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Digitalization adoption for digital economy: an\u00a0examination of\u00a0Malaysian small medium-sized enterprises through the technology\u2013organization\u2013environment framework"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3141-3081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei Peng","family":"Low","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Choon Sen","family":"Seah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0945-0951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tat-Huei","family":"Cham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5625-290X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sian Hoon","family":"Teoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"key2022102805211108700_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1108\/02635571011030042","article-title":"Predicting e\u2010procurement adoption in a developing country: An empirical integration of technology acceptance model and theory of planned behaviour","volume":"110","year":"2010","journal-title":"Industrial Management and Data Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022102805211108700_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2014.05.002","article-title":"Predicting e-readiness at firm-level: an analysis of technological, organizational and environmental (TOE) effects on e-maintenance readiness in manufacturing firms","volume":"34","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"key2022102805211108700_ref002","first-page":"1","article-title":"The impact of digitalization and servitization on the financial performance of a firm: an empirical analysis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Production Planning and Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022102805211108700_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/oxrep\/gry010","article-title":"Technology and the labour market: the assessment","volume":"34","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxford Review of Economic Policy"},{"key":"key2022102805211108700_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.10.035","article-title":"Behavioral intention, use behavior and the acceptance of electronic learning systems: differences between higher education and lifelong learning","volume":"34","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022102805211108700_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1108\/17410391311325225","article-title":"Cloud computing adoption by SMEs in the north east of England: a multi-perspective framework","volume":"26","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Enterprise Information Management"},{"key":"key2022102805211108700_ref006","article-title":"Organizational adoption of mobile communication technologies","year":"2012"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"key2022102805211108700_bib73","first-page":"703","article-title":"Quality function deployment modelling to enhance industrialised building system adoption in housing projects","volume":"26","year":"2015","journal-title":"Total Quality Management and Business Excellence"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022102805211108700_ref007","first-page":"359","article-title":"Hierarchical latent variable models in PLS-SEM: guidelines for using reflective-formative type models","volume":"45","year":"2012","journal-title":"Long Range Planning"},{"key":"key2022102805211108700_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhattacharya, M. and Wamba, S.F. 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