{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T01:50:44Z","timestamp":1772848244001,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to deliver a new perspective on how the interaction of independent and cooperative innovation affects firm digitization. Based on resource constraint theory, this study argues that the aforementioned interaction negatively affects firm digitization. The moderating role of managerial discretion is also discussed in light of the principles of the awareness-motivation-capability (AMC) framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The proposed hypotheses are empirically tested using a negative binomial modeling approach. The data used are from A-share listed companies in China\u2019s Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2006 to 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that the interaction of independent innovation and cooperative innovation negatively impacts digitization. In addition, this study argues that environmental discretion and organizational discretion weaken the negative impact of the mentioned interaction on digitization. However, additional discretion in the Chinese context has no effect on above relationships.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study explores the impact of the interaction of independent and cooperative innovation on digitization and incorporates managerial discretion into this framework based on the AMC framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/bpmj-10-2023-0774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T09:57:52Z","timestamp":1717063072000},"page":"1541-1563","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The impact of the interaction of independent and cooperative innovation on firm digitization: the\u00a0moderating role of managerial discretion"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6297-9590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Business School , , Chengdu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Sichuan University , , Chengdu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Chengdu Soft Innovation Intelligence Association , Chengdu,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Business School , , Chengdu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Sichuan University , , Chengdu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Chengdu Soft Innovation Intelligence Association , Chengdu,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Business School , , Chengdu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Sichuan University , , Chengdu,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Chengdu Soft Innovation Intelligence Association , Chengdu,","place":["China"]}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2025102222455147600_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1108\/ijlma-10-2014-0057","article-title":"Basic corporate governance models: a systematic review","volume":"58","author":"Ahmad","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Law and Management"},{"key":"2025102222455147600_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.03.038","article-title":"Mastering digital transformation: the nexus between leadership, agility, and digital strategy","volume":"145","author":"AlNuaimi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102222455147600_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2021.0241","article-title":"Performance shortfalls, response directions, and belief in the effectiveness of responses","volume":"67","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102222455147600_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1050.0470","article-title":"In search of complementarity in innovation strategy: internal R&D and external knowledge acquisition","volume":"52","author":"Cassiman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025102222455147600_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2245","article-title":"Reconceptualizing competitive dynamics: a multidimensional framework","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"key":"2025102222455147600_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2021.09.048","article-title":"Environmental uncertainty, resource orchestration and digital transformation: a fuzzy-set QCA approach","volume":"139","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102222455147600_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2007.24162081","article-title":"Competitive tension: the awareness-motivation-capability perspective","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025102222455147600_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2291","article-title":"Making the same mistake all over again: CEO overconfidence and corporate resistance to corrective feedback","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025102222455147600_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1108\/bpmj-06-2021-0376","article-title":"Does TMT internationalization promote corporate digital transformation? 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