{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T13:52:03Z","timestamp":1772718723434,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]],"date-time":"2023-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BPMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this research article is to investigate the critical risk factors associated with the digitalization impact on the Indian construction industry, as these firm plans to implement digitalization in order to improve their construction management processes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this research article, risk factors and dimensions are taken from diverse industries and validated in the construction domain by industry and academic experts. Further, multi-criteria decision-making techniques are employed to assess the Indian construction sector scenario quantitatively. The interrelationship and weightage of risk factors and dimensions are determined by the Fuzzy Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Analytic Network Process (DANP) method. However, the method Grey Technique for the Order of Prioritization by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to determine the ranking of each risk factor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study finds 14 critical risk factors along with four risk dimensions. Operational and financial dimensions are significant risk dimensions. Whereas the threat of high outlay and low yield is a significant risk factor in construction. Besides that, the interrelationship among risk factors, the weightage of each factor and the ranking of critical risk factors are also identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>This research article uses Fuzzy DANP and Grey TOPSIS techniques as exploratory research methods with a limited group of construction professionals from a leading Indian construction firm. Furthermore, comprehensive confirmatory research can also be performed with a large group of construction experts using advanced analytical techniques to validate the ranking of critical risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of this study provide insight into the knowledge of construction firms by emphasizing significant risk factors related to digitalization in construction operations. Another finding of this study shows that the risks associated with digitalization in construction are similar to those in manufacturing, where high outlay and low yield hold a significant role in the transformation process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The research is unique since there have only been limited studies in the Indian construction scenario to analyze the significant risks associated with digitalization. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that the combination of Fuzzy DANP and Grey TOPSIS techniques may be used successfully to prioritize risks in construction digitalization, which is still in its early phases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/bpmj-11-2022-0571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T07:35:13Z","timestamp":1681457713000},"page":"965-990","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Identification and assessment of\u00a0risks related to digitalization in\u00a0Indian construction: a\u00a0quantitative approach"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5079-306X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avirag","family":"Bajpai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Subhas Chandra","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dong-Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1108\/CI-02-2020-0026","article-title":"Unravelling the risks of construction digitalisation in developing countries","volume":"21","year":"2021","journal-title":"Construction Innovation"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref002","first-page":"374","article-title":"Management information system, challenges and solutions","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref003","first-page":"124","article-title":"Identifying critical risk factors for use of digitalization in construction industry: a case study","year":"2020"},{"issue":"10","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.1108\/IJQRM-09-2020-0318","article-title":"Barriers to implementing digitalization in the Indian construction industry","volume":"39","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1080\/09537287.2011.561814","article-title":"Evaluation of the green supply chain management practices: a fuzzy ANP approach","volume":"23","year":"2012","journal-title":"Production Planning and Control"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2016.09.015","article-title":"An integrated DEMATEL-ANP approach for renewable energy resources selection in Turkey","volume":"182","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01446193.2019.1702251","article-title":"Revisiting basics: theoretically-grounded interesting research that addresses challenges that matter","volume":"38","year":"2020","journal-title":"Construction Management and Economics"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2014.04.012","article-title":"Identifying and assessing critical risk factors for BIM projects: empirical study","volume":"45","year":"2014","journal-title":"Automation in Construction"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.36680\/j.itcon.2019.032","article-title":"Review of digital technologies to improve productivity of New Zealand construction industry","volume":"24","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Information Technology in Construction"},{"issue":"17","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5776","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2017.1421326","article-title":"Sustainable supply chain management in Indian organisations: an empirical investigation","volume":"56","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2308\/isys-50422","article-title":"COBIT 5 and enterprise governance of information technology: building blocks and research opportunities","volume":"27","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.01.107","article-title":"A hybrid multiple criteria decision making model of sustainability performance evaluation for Taiwanese Certified Public Accountant firms","volume":"180","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1108\/14637151011035606","article-title":"Managing enterprise resource planning projects","volume":"16","year":"2010","journal-title":"Business Process Management Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2011.10.004","article-title":"Analysing factors affecting delays in Indian construction projects","volume":"30","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Project Management"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref015","unstructured":"ETCIO (2018), \u201c3.24 million records were stolen, lost or exposed in India in 2017: study\u201d, available at: https:\/\/cio.economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/digital-security\/3-94-mn-records-were-stolen-lost-or-exposed-in-india-in-2017-study\/63732818 (accessed 29 July 2021)."},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2015.10.041","article-title":"An analysis of DEMATEL approaches for criteria interaction handling within ANP","volume":"46","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert System Application"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2015.2388550","article-title":"Security for the internet of things: a survey of existing protocols and open research issues","volume":"17","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Communication Survey and Tutorials"},{"issue":"7\/8","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref018","first-page":"1","article-title":"Disruptive innovation: how the internet of things changes business models","volume":"92","year":"2014","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2014.02.003","article-title":"Countering user risk in information system development projects","volume":"34","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref020","first-page":"87","article-title":"Internet of things: challenges and research opportunity","volume":"5","year":"2016","journal-title":"CSI Transactions on ICT"},{"issue":"11","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref021","first-page":"19","article-title":"Digital ubiquity: how connections, sensors, and data are revolutionizing business","volume":"92","year":"2014","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref022","unstructured":"IBEF (2021), \u201cInfrastructure sector in India\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.ibef.org\/industry\/infrastructure-sector-india.aspx (accessed 29 July 2021)."},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref023","unstructured":"India, T.T. (2017), \u201cAadhaar data of 130 millions, bank account details leaked from govt websites:Report\u201davailableonlin at\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/technology\/news\/story\/aadhaar-data-of-130-millions-bank-account-details-leaked-from-govt-websites-report-974771-2017-05-02 (accessed 29 July 2021)."},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref024","unstructured":"India Services (2019), \u201cMinistry of commerce and industry, overview-infrastructure and construction\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.indiaservices.in\/construction\/ (accessed 29 November 2019)."},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2018.02.169","article-title":"Moving from Industry 2.0 to Industry 4.0: a case study from India on leapfrogging in smart manufacturing","volume":"21","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia Manufacturing"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2976","DOI":"10.1108\/ECAM-01-2021-0014","article-title":"Identifying focus areas to decode the decision to litigate contractual disputes in construction","volume":"29","year":"2022","journal-title":"Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1109\/MSEC.2018.2888780","article-title":"The Internet of Things promises new benefits and risks: a systematic analysis of adoption dynamics of IoT products","volume":"17","year":"2019","journal-title":"An Article in IEEE Security and Privacy Magazine"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref028","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introduction to grey system theory","volume":"1","year":"1989","journal-title":"The Journal of Grey System"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.2307\/25148668","article-title":"Antecedents of knowledge transfer from consultants to clients in enterprise system implementations","volume":"29","year":"2005","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref030","first-page":"20","article-title":"TOGAF-based enterprise architecture practice: an exploratory case study","volume":"43","year":"2018","journal-title":"Communications of the Association for Information Systems"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref031","unstructured":"KPMG and PMI Report (2019), \u201cRevamping project management assessment of infrastructure projects and corrective recommendations for performance improvement\u201d, available at: http:\/\/www.mospi.nic.in\/sites\/default\/files\/Kpmg1.pdf (accessed 25 July 2021)."},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref032","unstructured":"Krishnan, V.B. (2019), \u201cWhat is the status of Smart City projects in India?\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/data\/what-is-the-status-of-smart-city-projects-in-india\/article28441952.ece (accessed 25 July 2021)."},{"issue":"8","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7206(01)00073-8","article-title":"A perception-based model for EDI adoption in small businesses using a technology\u2013organization\u2013environment framework","volume":"38","year":"2001","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref034","article-title":"Benefits and Challenges in enterprise architecture management: a case study of the Norwegian labour and welfare administration","volume":"25","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bibsys Open Journal Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref035","first-page":"1","article-title":"Causes and remedies for the dominant risk factors in Enterprise System implementation projects: the consultants\u2019 perspective","volume":"5","year":"2016","journal-title":"Springer Plus"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2015.03.008","article-title":"The Internet of Things (IoT): applications, investments, and challenges for enterprises","volume":"58","year":"2015","journal-title":"Business Horizons"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.11.092","article-title":"Using DEMATEL method to explore the core competences and causal effect of the I.C. design service Company: an empirical case study","volume":"38","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2014.01.012","article-title":"Understanding the impact of risks on performance in internal and outsourced information technology projects: the role of strategic importance\u201d International","volume":"32","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Project Management"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref039","unstructured":"Livemint (2018), \u201cHas Bharatnet fulfilled its end task of providing finctional internet?\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/Opinion\/5THaiuocuuIhQxZeClVs4K\/Has-BharatNet-fulfilled-its-end-task-of-providing-functional.html (accessed 29 July 2021)."},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.protcy.2012.09.048","article-title":"Risks response strategies for supporting practitioners decision-making in software projects","volume":"5","year":"2012","journal-title":"Procedia Technology"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref041","unstructured":"Makeinindia.com (2021), \u201cConstruction sector\u201d, available at: http:\/\/www.makeinindia.com\/sector\/construction (accessed 29 July 2021)."},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref042","article-title":"Identification of BIM dimension-specific contract clauses in EPC turnkey projects","volume":"14","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref043","unstructured":"McKinsey and Company (2016), \u201cImagining construction's digital future\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/capital-projects-and-infrastructure\/our-insights\/imagining-constructions-digital-future (accessed 29 November 2019)."},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref044","article-title":"The discipline of machine learning: carnegie mellon university","volume":"9","year":"2006","journal-title":"Carnegie Mellon University, School of Computer Science, Machine Learning Department"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asej.2020.02.006","article-title":"A systematic review of quantitative risk analysis in construction of mega projects","volume":"11","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref046","first-page":"223","article-title":"Digital innovation management: reinventing innovation management research in a digital world","volume":"41","year":"2017","journal-title":"An Article in MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref047","unstructured":"Narasimhan, T.E. (2020), \u201cEngineering goes digital: L&T executing projects with new-age technologies\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.business-standard.com\/article\/technology\/engineering-goes-digital-l-t-executing-projects-with-new-age-technologies-120030401807_1.html (accessed 29 July 2021)."},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2016.06.016","article-title":"Data acquisition technologies for construction progress tracking","volume":"70","year":"2016","journal-title":"Automation in Construction"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(03)00020-1","article-title":"Compromise solution by MCDM methods: a comparative analysis of VIKOR and TOPSIS","volume":"156","year":"2004","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref049","first-page":"431","article-title":"Critical analysis of key determinants and barriers to digital innovation adoption among architectural organizations","volume":"3","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science Direct"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2001.11045662","article-title":"Identifying software project risks: an international Delphi study","volume":"17","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal Management Information System"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref051","volume-title":"Information Technology Project Management","year":"2002"},{"issue":"11","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.3390\/su9112083","article-title":"Application of fuzzy DEMATEL method for analyzing occupational risks on construction sites","volume":"9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref052","first-page":"380","article-title":"Identifying challenges in the adoption of industry 4.0 in the Indian construction industry,\u201d progress in advanced computing and intelligent engineering","volume":"1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Progress in Advanced Computing and Intelligent Engineering, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref053","article-title":"Identification and ranking of the risk factors involved in PLM implementation","volume":"222","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref054","first-page":"583","article-title":"Critical factors affecting labour productivity in construction projects: case study of south Gujarat region of India","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1108\/IJQRM-04-2020-0121","article-title":"Analysis of readiness factors for Industry 4.0 implementation in SMEs using COPRAS","volume":"38","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref056","article-title":"Building a data-driven culture from the ground up","volume":"2020","year":"2020","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1177\/026839620001500407","article-title":"Risk factors in enterprise-wide\/ERP projects","volume":"15","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Information Technology"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref058","first-page":"245","article-title":"Case study on risk management practice in large offshore-outsourced Agile software projects","volume":"8","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Institution of Engineering and Technology Software"},{"issue":"14","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.05.015","article-title":"A novel hybrid social media platform selection model using fuzzy ANP and COPRAS-G","volume":"40","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"key2023060112163804800_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2003.12.007","article-title":"Understanding software project risk: a cluster analysis","volume":"42","year":"2004","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2010.05.013","article-title":"Optimal marketing strategy: a decision-making with ANP and TOPSIS","volume":"127","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","article-title":"Fuzzy sets","volume":"8","year":"1965","journal-title":"Information and Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2023060112163804800_ref063","first-page":"25","article-title":"Role of operational excellence in construction industry: a review","volume":"4","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences"}],"container-title":["Business Process Management Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/BPMJ-11-2022-0571\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/BPMJ-11-2022-0571\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:16:34Z","timestamp":1753398994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/bpmj\/article\/29\/4\/965-990\/258799"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/BPMJ-11-2022-0571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/bpmj-11-2022-0571","relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-7154"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1463-7154","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]]}}}