{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:46:34Z","timestamp":1754156794855,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1984,1,1]],"date-time":"1984-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":441763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper traces the development of the US\/MARC and UK MARC formats from their origins to the present day, showing some of the divergence between them and illustrating how Library of Congress records have been converted to UK MARC by a continually changing program. Some explanation is included of how the divergence occurred, which may be seen as typical of the ways in which national MARC formats have developed and the ensuing need for international formats is highlighted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1108\/eb026753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,19]],"date-time":"2008-01-19T07:45:39Z","timestamp":1200728739000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["UK MARC AND US\/MARC: A BRIEF HISTORY AND COMPARISON"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"ANTHONY","family":"LONG","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"p_1","unstructured":"The following sources have been used in preparing this paper. 1. ANON. L. C. Conversion project, 1968. (Unpublished.) 2. ANON. Conversion applied to LC tapes, 1973. (Unpublished.) 3. ATTIG, J. The concept of a MARC format.Informationtechnology and libraries, March 1983, pp.7-17."},{"volume-title":"MARC-its history and implications","year":"1975","author":"AVRAM H.","key":"p_2"},{"volume-title":"Bibliographyc Services Division","year":"1975","author":"BRITISH LIBRARY","key":"p_3"},{"volume-title":"1st standard ed.","year":"1975","author":"BRITISH LIBRARY","key":"p_4"},{"key":"p_5","volume-title":"UK MARC Manual","author":"BRITISH LIBRARY","year":"1980","edition":"2"},{"volume-title":"Specification for conversion of LC records to UK MARC","year":"1981","author":"BRITISH LIBRARY","key":"p_6"},{"volume-title":"Description of the BNB\/MARC record: a manual ofpractice","year":"1970","author":"GORMAN M.","key":"p_8"},{"key":"p_9","volume-title":"Boots: a MARC format","author":"LIBRARY OF CONGRESS","year":"1972","edition":"5"},{"volume-title":"MARC formats for bibliographic data","year":"1980","author":"LIBRARY OF CONGRESS","key":"p_10"},{"key":"p_12","first-page":"9","volume":"33","author":"PRINGLE R","year":"1979","journal-title":"Vine"},{"key":"p_13","first-page":"19","volume":"29","author":"PRINGLE R.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Vine"},{"volume-title":"Changes and improvements in BNB servicesfor","year":"1971","author":"WELLS A. J.","key":"p_14"}],"container-title":["Journal of Documentation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/eb026753\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/eb026753\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:11:08Z","timestamp":1753398668000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jd\/article\/40\/1\/1-12\/196687"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,1,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/eb026753"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/eb026753","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-0418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,1,1]]}}}