{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T18:15:42Z","timestamp":1754158542772,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 This paper aims to evaluate some of the known scientific indexes by using virtual data and proposes a new index, named multiple h-index (mh-index), for removing the limits of these variants. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 Citation report for 40 researchers in Babol, Iran, was extracted from the Web of Science and entered in a checklist together with their scientific lifetimes and published ages of their papers. Some statistical analyses, especially exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural correlations, were done in SPSS 19. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 EFA revealed three factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 and explained variance of over 96 per cent in the studied indexes, including the mh-index. Factors 1, 2 and 3 explained 44.38, 28.19 and 23.48 of the variance in the correlation coefficient matrix, respectively. The m-index (with coefficient of 90 per cent) in Factor 1, a-index (with coefficient of 91 per cent) in Factor 2 and h- and h2-indexes (with coefficients of 93 per cent) in Factor 3 had the highest factor loadings. Correlation coefficients and related comparative diagrams showed that the mh-index is more accurate than the other nine variants in differentiating the scientific impact of researchers with the same h-index. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 As the studied variants could not satisfy all limits of the h-index, scientific society needs an index which accurately evaluates individual researcher\u2019s scientific output. As the mh-index has some advantages over the other studied variants, it can be an appropriate alternative for them.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/el-07-2013-0137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,27]],"date-time":"2015-05-27T10:08:41Z","timestamp":1432721321000},"page":"547-556","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Multiple h-index: a new scientometric indicator"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mousa","family":"Yaminfirooz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hemmat","family":"Gholinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020122321362936100_b1","unstructured":"Aoun, S.G.\n               , \n                  Bendok, B.R.\n               , \n                  Rahme, R.J.\n               , \n                  Dacey, R.G.Jr. and\n                and \n                  Batjer, H.H.\n                (2012), \u201cStandardizing the evaluation of scientific and academic performance in neurosurgery \u2013 critical review of the \u2018h\u2019 index and its variants\u201d, \n                  World Neurosurgery\n               , Vol. 80 No. 5, pp. e85-90."},{"key":"key2020122321362936100_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Batista, P.D.\n               , \n                  Campitelli, M.G.\n                and \n                  Kinouchi, O.\n                (2006), \u201cIs it possible to compare researchers with different scientific interests?\u201d, \n                  Scientometrics\n               , Vol. 68 No. 1, pp. 179-189.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-006-0090-4"},{"key":"key2020122321362936100_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bornmann, L.\n               , \n                  Mutz, R.\n                and \n                  Daniel, H.D.\n                (2008), \u201cAre there better indices for evaluation purposes than the h index? 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315-321.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-006-0102-4"},{"key":"key2020122321362936100_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gl\u00e4nzel, W.\n                (2010), \u201cOn reliability and robustness of scientometrics indicators based on stochastic models: an evidence-based opinion paper\u201d, \n                  Journal of Informetrics\n               , Vol. 4 No. 3, pp. 313-319.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2010.01.005"},{"key":"key2020122321362936100_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hirsch, J.E.\n                (2005), \u201cAn index to quantify an individual\u2019s scientific research output\u201d, \n                  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America\n               , Vol. 102 No. 46, pp. 16569-16572.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507655102"},{"key":"key2020122321362936100_b12","unstructured":"Jin, B.H.\n                (2006), \u201cH-index: an evaluation indicator proposed by scientist\u201d, \n                  Science Focus\n               , Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 8-9."},{"key":"key2020122321362936100_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, B.H.\n               , \n                  Liang, L.M.\n               , \n                  Rousseau, R.\n                and \n                  Egghe, L.\n                (2007), \u201cThe r- and ar- indices: complementing the h-index\u201d, \n                  Chinese Science Bulletin\n               , Vol. 52 No. 6, pp. 855-863.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11434-007-0145-9"},{"key":"key2020122321362936100_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelly, C.D.\n                and \n                  Jennions, M.D.\n                (2006), \u201cThe h-index and career assessment by numbers\u201d, \n                  Trends in Ecology & Evolution\n               , Vol. 21 No. 4, pp. 167-170.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2006.01.005"},{"key":"key2020122321362936100_b15","unstructured":"Kosmulski, M.\n                (2006), \u201cA new Hirsch-type index saves 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