{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T18:15:29Z","timestamp":1754158529521,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EL"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study is to generate diversified results for temporally ambiguous queries and the candidate queries are ensured to have a high coverage of subtopics, which are derived from different temporal periods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two novel time-aware query suggestion diversification models are developed by integrating semantics and temporality information involved in queries into two state-of-the-art explicit diversification algorithms (i.e. IA-select and xQuaD), respectively, and then specifying the components on which these two models rely on. Most importantly, first explored is how to explicitly determine query subtopics for each unique query from the query log or clicked documents and then modeling the subtopics into query suggestion diversification. The discussion on how to mine temporal intent behind a query from query log is also followed. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the proposal, experiments on a real-world query log are conducted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preliminary experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly outperform the existing state-of-the-art methods in terms of producing the candidate query suggestion for temporally ambiguous queries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study reports the first attempt to generate query suggestions indicating diverse interested time points to the temporally ambiguous (input) queries. The research will be useful in enhancing users\u2019 search experience through helping them to formulate accurate queries for their search tasks. In addition, the approaches investigated in the paper are general enough to be used in many domains; that is, experimental information retrieval systems, Web search engines, document archives and digital libraries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/el-12-2019-0296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T04:55:21Z","timestamp":1597121721000},"page":"725-744","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Time-aware query suggestion diversification for temporally ambiguous queries"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xixi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiewen","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1145\/1498759.1498766","article-title":"Diversifying search results","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Second ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","year":"2009"},{"article-title":"Temporal diversification of search results","volume-title":"Presented at the Proceedings of the SIGIR 2013 Workshop on Time-Aware Information Access","year":"2013","key":"key2020111311425131600_ref002"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020111311425131600_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2699666","article-title":"Web query reformulation via joint modeling of latent topic dependency and term context","volume":"33","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020111311425131600_ref004","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diversifying query auto-completion","volume":"36","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems"},{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1145\/290941.291025","article-title":"The use of MMR, diversity-based reranking for reordering documents and producing summaries","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 21st Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","year":"1998"},{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref006","first-page":"621","article-title":"Expected reciprocal rank for graded relevance","volume-title":"Proceedings of 18th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","year":"2009"},{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref007","first-page":"817","article-title":"Personalized query suggestion diversification","volume-title":"Proceedings of International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","year":"2017"},{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref008","first-page":"1093","article-title":"Attention-based hierarchical neural query suggestion","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","year":"2018"},{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1145\/1390334.1390446","article-title":"Novelty and diversity in information retrieval evaluation","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 31st Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","year":"2008"},{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref010","first-page":"1747","article-title":"Learning to attend, copy, and generate for session-based query suggestion","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","year":"2017"},{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref011","first-page":"339","article-title":"Entropy-biased models for query representation on the click graph","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 32nd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","year":"2009"},{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref012","first-page":"625","article-title":"Generating high-quality query suggestion candidates for task-based search","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 40th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR \u201818","year":"2018"},{"key":"key2020111311425131600_ref013","unstructured":"Fernando, Z.T. 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