{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T06:13:50Z","timestamp":1768284830637,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]],"date-time":"2001-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":980985600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>As a result of rapid environmental changes, organisations of all types are rethinking their organisational structures in an attempt to provide greater effectiveness and efficiency. A few years ago business process re\u2010engineering (BPR) was considered the most promising way to restructure an organisation, but has become less popular as shortcomings associated with the process have become evident. Today, greater emphasis is being placed upon modifying the actual organisational structure. Most restructured organisations have moved away from rigid hierarchies to flatter, more flexible structures. Many of the same forces (including increased automation, changing information needs and expectations of users, reduced budgets and the need for staff to have more autonomy over their own work) that have precipitated the reshaping of other organisations have also affected academic libraries. This paper describes some of the factors leading to changes in the organisational structures of academic libraries and provides an overview of trends, excluding convergence, discernible in North America. The paper includes suggestions for steps to be taken to facilitate successful reorganisations, and comments on possible future developments that might radically alter the organisational structures of academic libraries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1108\/eum0000000007079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,21]],"date-time":"2002-11-21T21:43:51Z","timestamp":1037915031000},"page":"100-114","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Restructuring the university library: a North American perspective"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Barbara B.","family":"Moran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000007159"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0099-1333(94)90064-7"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-1333(96)90114-7"},{"key":"p_4","volume-title":"Computers in Libraries International 96","author":"Smith N.R.","year":"1996"},{"key":"p_5","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IATUL Conference: The Challenge to be Relevant in the 21st Century","author":"Roitberg N.","year":"1998"},{"key":"p_6","volume-title":"Process innovation re-engineering: work through information technology","author":"Davenport T.H.","year":"1993"},{"key":"p_7","volume-title":"Reengineering the corporation: a manifesto for business revolution","author":"Hammer M.","year":"1993"},{"key":"p_8","first-page":"26","volume":"2","author":"Munford E.","year":"1996","journal-title":"People Management"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-6813(96)90013-0"},{"key":"p_10","volume-title":"The fad that forgot people","author":"Davenport T.H.","year":"1995"},{"key":"p_11","first-page":"9","volume":"43","author":"Marchese T","year":"1991","journal-title":"AAHE Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"p_12","first-page":"16","volume":"71","author":"Birnbaum R","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Higher Education"},{"key":"p_13","first-page":"283","volume":"3","author":"Neave G","year":"1997","journal-title":"Tertiary Education and Management"},{"key":"p_14","volume-title":"The challenge of organizational change: how companies experience it and leaders guide it","author":"Kanter R.M.","year":"1992"},{"key":"p_15","volume-title":"The rise and fall of strategic planning: reconceiving roles for planning, plans and planners","author":"Mintzberg H.","year":"1994"},{"issue":"1","key":"p_16","first-page":"6","volume":"55","author":"Hewitt J.A","year":"1997","journal-title":"North Carolina Libraries"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/095574909901100205"},{"issue":"2","key":"p_18","first-page":"67","volume":"13","author":"Rockman I","year":"1999","journal-title":"Library Administration and Management"},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5860\/crl_37_05_395"},{"key":"p_20","volume-title":"Organization charts (SPEC Kit #1)","author":"Association of Research Libraries.","year":"1973"},{"key":"p_21","volume-title":"Organization charts (SPEC Kit #129)","author":"Association of Research Libraries.","year":"1986"},{"key":"p_22","volume-title":"Organization charts in ARL libraries (SPEC Kit #170)","author":"Association of Research Libraries.","year":"1991"},{"key":"p_23","volume-title":"Library reorganization and restructuring (SPEC Kit #215)","author":"Association of Research Libraries.","year":"1996"},{"issue":"4","key":"p_24","first-page":"468","volume":"37","author":"De Klerk A.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Library Trends"},{"key":"p_25","volume-title":"Conn.","author":"Gorman M.","year":"1987"},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0099-1333(93)90079-K"},{"issue":"4","key":"p_27","first-page":"199","volume":"8","author":"Giesecke J.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Library Administration and Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"p_28","first-page":"374","volume":"82","author":"Jacobson S.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association"},{"key":"p_29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0364-6408(95)00057-G"},{"issue":"1","key":"p_30","first-page":"40","volume":"10","author":"Lubans J. 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