{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T21:26:29Z","timestamp":1762032389639,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]],"date-time":"2001-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":996624000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper uses a mix of qualitative and quantitative methodology to analyse differences between Finnish and American web searchers (n=27 per country) in their choice of initial search strategies (direct address, subject directory and search engines) and their reasoning underlying these choices, with data gathered via a questionnaire. The paper looks at these differences for four types of questions with two variables: closed\/open and predictable\/unpredictable source of answer (n=16 questions per searcher; total n=864 questions). The paper found significant differences between the two groups\u2019 initial search strategies and for three of the four types of questions. The reasoning varied across countries and questions as well, with Finns mentioning fewer reasons although both groups mentioned in aggregate a total of 1,284 reasons in twenty\u2010four reason categories. The reasoning indicated that both country groups considered not only question\u2010related reasons but also source\u2010 and search\u2010strategy related reasons in making their decision. The research raises questions about considering cultural differences in designing web search access mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1108\/eum0000000007091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,21]],"date-time":"2002-11-21T21:43:51Z","timestamp":1037915031000},"page":"465-491","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The choice of initial web search strategies: a comparison between Finnish and American searchers"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Mirja","family":"Iivonen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marilyn","family":"Domas White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"volume-title":"International Internet statistics","year":"2000","author":"Terrabay","key":"p_1"},{"volume-title":"Global internet statistics (by language)","year":"2000","author":"Global Internet Statistics","key":"p_2"},{"volume-title":"January","year":"2000","author":"Internet Software Consortium","key":"p_3"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bult.162"},{"volume-title":"The Internet and society","year":"2000","author":"Slevin J.","key":"p_5"},{"volume-title":"Calif: Mayfield Publishing Co.","year":"2000","author":"Bodley J.H.","key":"p_7"},{"volume-title":"International dimensions of organizational behavior","year":"1997","author":"Adler N.J.","key":"p_8"},{"volume-title":"Perspectives on silence.","year":"1985","author":"Lehtonen J.","key":"p_9"},{"key":"p_10","first-page":"78","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science. Medford, NJ: Information Today, Inc.","author":"Iivonen M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01972240050133661"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1045\/january99-kling"},{"volume-title":"Characterizing browsing strategies in the World-WideWeb","year":"1995","author":"Catledge L.D.","key":"p_13"},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J120v28n60_05"},{"key":"p_15","first-page":"445","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual National Online Meeting, 1998","author":"Wang P.","year":"1998"},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(1999)50:1<24::AID-ASI5>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(99)00056-4"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(2000)51:6<558::AID-ASI7>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(99)00059-X"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(00)00043-1"},{"key":"p_21","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science. Medford, NJ: Information Today, Inc.","author":"Choo C.W.","year":"1999"},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(2000)51:6<576::AID-ASI9>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"p_23","first-page":"6","author":"Oppilaitostilastot","year":"1999","journal-title":"Tilastokeskus SVT"},{"volume-title":"http:\/\/syy.oulu.fi\/opo\/ (visited","year":"2000","author":"Opinto 0.","key":"p_24"},{"volume-title":"Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedure and technique. Newbury Park","year":"1988","author":"Strauss A.","key":"p_25"},{"key":"p_26","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science. Medford, NJ: Information Today, Inc.","author":"Scull C.","year":"1999"},{"key":"p_27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-0277(97)00034-6"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.54.9.741"},{"key":"p_29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.79.6.890"},{"key":"p_31","first-page":"D1","author":"Goode E","year":"2000","journal-title":"New York Times"}],"container-title":["Journal of Documentation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/EUM0000000007091\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/EUM0000000007091\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:52:31Z","timestamp":1753404751000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jd\/article\/57\/4\/465-491\/204615"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/EUM0000000007091"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/eum0000000007091","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-0418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]}}}