{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T18:10:57Z","timestamp":1754158257732,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]],"date-time":"2016-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478476800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["GS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Until now, many different varieties of grey relational grade methods had been proposed, and there are also many relevant publications, which include ordinal grey relational grade and cardinal grey relational grade. However, the most original and important formula is Deng\u2019s grey relational grade. After careful study it was found that although it is an ordinal form of grey relational grade, a rational mathematics model can be used to transfer it from ordinal into cardinal. It not only can enhance the essential of Deng\u2019s grey relational grade, but also can let Deng\u2019s grey relational grade be used more widely. The paper aims to discuss these issue.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The paper uses fuzzy set theory to get the rational value of distinguish coefficient in Deng\u2019s grey relational grade, then uses grey entropy method to decide the rational weighting for the analysis sequences in Deng\u2019s grey relational grade.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Through the mathematics derivation, it indeed can transfer the Deng\u2019s grey relational grade from ordinal form into cardinal form.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The paper has deeply enhanced the essential of Deng\u2019s grey relational grade, and made Deng\u2019s grey relational grade more available and more usable in grey system theory.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The paper has transferred the Deng\u2019s grey relational grade from ordinal into cardinal, it can let Deng\u2019s grey relational grade be used in a wider area.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/gs-06-2016-0012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T02:58:38Z","timestamp":1480993118000},"page":"375-397","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The quantized transformation in Deng\u2019s grey relational grade"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Kunli","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"volume-title":"Mathematics of Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic","year":"2013","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref001"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlastec.2008.01.004","article-title":"Use of the grey relational analysis to determine optimum laser cutting parameters with multi-performance characteristics","volume":"40","year":"2008","journal-title":"Optics & Laser Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref003","first-page":"206","article-title":"A diagnosis method of vibration fault of a steam turbine based on information entropy and grey correlation analysis","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.4316\/AECE.2013.03018","article-title":"Estimating probability of gas breakdown using grey-fuzzy logic","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref005","first-page":"223","article-title":"The identification of dog\u2019s identity via GM (0, N) and regression analysis","volume":"18","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Grey Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref006","first-page":"139","article-title":"Combine grey entropy with grey clustering to analyze the weighting of the influence factor in artistic work","volume":"19","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Grey System"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref007","first-page":"217","article-title":"A study on the application of grey entropy and rough set method to the weighting of relevant subjects in elementary school test scores","volume":"16","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Grey System"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref008","first-page":"1","article-title":"The introduction of grey system theory","volume":"1","year":"1989","journal-title":"The Journal of Grey System"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref009","first-page":"106","article-title":"Study on effectiveness evaluation of weapon systems based on grey relational analysis and TOPSIS","volume":"20","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2011.07.100","article-title":"Grey relational grade in local support vector regression for financial time series prediction","volume":"39","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1081\/AMP-120029852","article-title":"Use of the Taguchi method and grey relational analysis to optimize turning operations with multiple performance characteristics","volume":"19","year":"2004","journal-title":"Materials and Manufacturing Processes"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref012","first-page":"1328","article-title":"A kind of new models for grey incidence analysis","volume":"1","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science Paper Online"},{"volume-title":"Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications","year":"2010","edition":"3rd ed.","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref013"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref014","first-page":"450","article-title":"Determination of optimum parameters for multi-performance characteristics in drilling by using grey relational analysis","volume":"28","year":"2006","journal-title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"},{"year":"2016","first-page":"CG029-1","article-title":"Applying grey relational and entropy on low-cost airline marketing combination-a case study of Taiwan-Japan air route","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref015"},{"volume-title":"Grey Systems Modeling and Prediction","year":"2004","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref016"},{"volume-title":"Grey System Theory","year":"2013","edition":"2nd ed.","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref017"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1108\/GS-02-2016-0007","article-title":"The proof of a new modified grey relational grade","volume":"6","year":"2016","journal-title":"Grey Systems: Theory and Application"},{"year":"1998","first-page":"11","article-title":"The grey entropy and its application in weighting analysis","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref019"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref022","first-page":"167","article-title":"New grey relational analysis for finding the invariable structure and its applications","volume":"8","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Grey System"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref020","first-page":"281","article-title":"Applying Matlab to create a grey entropy toolbox for use in teacher appraisals","volume":"4","year":"2005","journal-title":"World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020121101203431800_ref021","first-page":"197","article-title":"The study of rationalization in questionnaire via grey entropy method","volume":"16","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Grey System"}],"container-title":["Grey Systems: Theory and Application"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/GS-06-2016-0012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/GS-06-2016-0012\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/GS-06-2016-0012\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:45:53Z","timestamp":1753404353000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/gs\/article\/6\/3\/375-397\/88554"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/GS-06-2016-0012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/gs-06-2016-0012","relation":{},"ISSN":["2043-9377"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2043-9377"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]]}}}