{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T12:44:39Z","timestamp":1767962679243,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The purpose of this paper is to find the key influence factors of executive compensation within China ports and listed shipping companies and provide some reasonable suggestions. Eventually, help to perfect the executive compensation evaluation mechanism against the background of new area. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 Grey correlation analysis is an important part of grey system theory. Professor Liu Sifeng further studies the relationship between two sequences absolute increment on the basis of Deng\u2019s degree and put forward the \u201cGrey absolute correlation degree,\u201d which is widely used in practice. In the study, on the basis of the area of the line between sequences size, it measures the correlation degrees of firm performance, executive stock holding, continuous growth capacity and other relevant factors of executive payment in China ports and listed shipping companies. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Findings<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The paper concludes that the main factors influence CEO salary in China ports and listed shipping companies are return on equity and growth rate of fixed assets. However, the authors consider the frequent occurrence of executives\u2019 corruption in China listed state-owned enterprise under the environment of financial and economic crisis, the authors argue that the significant influence of net assets attributed to shareholders cannot be ignored. In addition, cash flow in operating activities and executive stock holding both have relatively important effect on executive compensation. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 This paper still has some limitations. First, it merely takes into account the financial indicators and ignores the influence of non-financial indicators to the performance evaluation of listed companies, such as: innovation ability, human capital and goodwill. Second, it has not considered the power consumption and other types of \u201cinvisible income\u201d in the executive compensation structure, neither the influence of investing and financing activities on corporate performance. Consequently, these are likely to cause a certain deviation to the results of the study. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The outcome obtained in this paper can be provided for China ports and listed shipping companies to establish a reasonable executive compensation evaluation and incentive mechanism under the background of depressed shipping market. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Social implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 This paper intends to use correlation analysis between firm performance, executive stock holding, sustainability and executive compensation in the new area of time, tries to make a greater contribution to the major component of salary policy and then make some suggestions on incentive supervising and restraining mechanisms for the ports and listed shipping firms in China. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 Although scholars have done many studies about the association analysis of executive compensation and firm performance, they neglect the economic environment of industry. Meanwhile, considering the non-financial indicators and incomplete information, this paper studies the grey correlation analysis of executive compensation and influence factors in China ports and listed shipping firms under the background of the Chinese flagging shipping industry.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/gs-09-2015-0069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]],"date-time":"2016-07-26T05:55:36Z","timestamp":1469512536000},"page":"259-269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The empirical study of executive compensation in China port and shipping listed companies based on the grey relational analysis"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020121323004706600_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agrawal, A.\n and \n Mandelker, G.N.\n (1990), \u201cLarge shareholders and the monitoring of managers: the case of antitakeover charter amendments\u201d, \n Journal of Financial & Quantitative Analysis\n , Vol. 24 No. 2, pp. 143-161.","DOI":"10.2307\/2330821"},{"key":"key2020121323004706600_b11","unstructured":"Chen, X.\n , \n Chen, D.\n and \n Wan, H.\n (2009), \u201cThe disparity in regions, the regulation of emolument and the corruption of high-ranking 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Accounting Research\n , Vol. 22 No. 1, pp. 29-34."},{"key":"key2020121323004706600_frd1","unstructured":"Chen, D.\n and \n Liang, S.\n (2010), \u201cThe cost and selection of executive incentive contracts under the different marketization process: monetary compensation and perquisite consumption\u201d, \n Accounting Research\n , Vol. 29 No. 1, pp. 56-64."},{"key":"key2020121323004706600_frd2","unstructured":"Deng, J.\n (2002), \n The Basis of Grey Theory\n , Huazhong University of Science and Technology press, Wuhan."},{"key":"key2020121323004706600_frd3","unstructured":"Liu, S.\n , \n Yang, Y.\n and \n Wu, L.\n (2014), \n Grey System: Theory and Application\n , Beijing Science Press, Beijing."},{"key":"key2020121323004706600_frd4","unstructured":"The Certified Public Accountant Examination Committee Office of Finance Ministry\n (2014), \n Financial Cost Management\n , Beijing Economic Science Press, Beijing."}],"container-title":["Grey Systems: Theory and 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