{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T03:46:58Z","timestamp":1769917618484,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":3,"publisher":"Tsinghua University Press","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,6]],"date-time":"2017-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488758400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJCS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The synthetic application and interaction of\/between the internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, Industry 4.0 and other new patterns and new technologies shall breed future Web-based industrial operation system and social operation management patterns, manifesting as a crowd cyber eco-system composed of multiple interconnected intelligent agents (enterprises, individuals and governmental agencies) and its dynamic behaviors. This paper aims to explore the basic principles and laws of such a system and its behavior.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors propose the concepts of crowd science and engineering (CSE) and expound its main content, thus forming a research framework of theories and methodologies of crowd science.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>CSE is expected to substantially promote the formation and development of crowd science and thus lay a foundation for the advancement of Web-based industrial operation system and social operation management patterns.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This paper is the first one to propose the concepts of CSE, which lights the beacon for the future research in this area.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ijcs-01-2017-0004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,17]],"date-time":"2017-05-17T07:27:42Z","timestamp":1495006062000},"page":"2-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Crowd science and engineering: concept and research framework"],"prefix":"10.26599","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Yueting","family":"Chai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baowen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongqing","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingzhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"11138","reference":[{"key":"ref3","author":"kelly","year":"2013","journal-title":"Out of control The new biology of machines social systems and the economic world"},{"key":"ref2","author":"harari","year":"2014","journal-title":"A Brief History of Humankind"},{"key":"ref1","author":"bao","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Economics of Information Entropy The Way of Human Development"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Crowd Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IJCS-01-2017-0004\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IJCS-01-2017-0004\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T15:59:48Z","timestamp":1660838388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IJCS-01-2017-0004\/full\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,6]]},"references-count":3,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/IJCS-01-2017-0004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ijcs-01-2017-0004","relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-7294"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-7294","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,6]]}}}