{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T05:39:25Z","timestamp":1768455565626,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamical group consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems with fixed topologies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 The tool used in this paper to model the topologies of multi-agent systems is algebraic graph theory. The matrix theory and stability theory are applied to research the group consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems with fixed topologies. The Laplace transform and Routh criterion are utilized to analyze the convergence properties of heterogeneous multi-agent systems.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 It is discovered that the dynamical group consensus for heterogeneous multi-agent systems with first-order and second-order agents can be achieved under the reasonable hypothesizes. The group consensus condition is only relied on the nonzero eigenvalues of the graph Laplacian matrix.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 The novelty of this paper is to investigate the dynamical group consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems with first-order and second-order agents and fixed topologies and obtain a sufficient group consensus condition.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ijicc-03-2015-0009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,9]],"date-time":"2015-11-09T09:31:16Z","timestamp":1447061476000},"page":"294-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Group consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems with fixed topologies"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Cong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]},{"given":"Xiaoguang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"2025072819004658800_b1","unstructured":"Biggs, N.\n           (1993),                   Algebraic Graph Theory                , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819004658800_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1002\/rnc.2904","article-title":"Group consensus control for double-integrator dynamic multiagent\u2009systems with fixed communication topology","volume":"24","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025072819004658800_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2012.06.081","article-title":"Output synchronization for heterogeneous networks of non-introspective agents","volume":"48","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819004658800_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfranklin.2012.12.020","article-title":"Group consensus in multi-agent systems with hybrid protocol","volume":"350","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of the Franklin Institute"},{"issue":"22","key":"2025072819004658800_b5","first-page":"383","article-title":"Group consensus for heterogeneous multi-agent systems with parametric uncertainties","volume":"142","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819004658800_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2003.812781","article-title":"Coordination of groups of mobile autonomous agents using nearest neighbor rules","volume":"48","author":"","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819004658800_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2010.2088710","article-title":"Output consensus of heterogeneous uncertain linear multi-agent systems","volume":"56","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025072819004658800_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2011.06.005","article-title":"Stationary consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems with bounded communication delays","volume":"47","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025072819004658800_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1002\/dac.1393","article-title":"\u201cDynamical consensus seeking of heterogeneous multi-agent systems under input delays\u201d","volume":"26","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819004658800_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfranklin.2013.11.002","article-title":"Second-order group consensus for multi-agent systems via pinning leader-following approach","volume":"351","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the Franklin Institute"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025072819004658800_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2976","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2011.2161052","article-title":"Consensus in multi-agent systems with coupling delays and switching topology","volume":"56","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025072819004658800_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2004.834113","article-title":"Consensus problems in networks of agents with switching topology and time-delays","volume":"49","author":"","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025072819004658800_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2013.06.017","article-title":"Cluster consensus control of generic linear multi-agent systems under directed topology with acyclic partition","volume":"49","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819004658800_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1108\/17563780911005863","article-title":"Foundations of swarm robotic chemical plume tracing from a fluid dynamics perspective","volume":"2","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819004658800_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysconle.2007.08.009","article-title":"Average consensus in networks of dynamic agents with switching topologies and multiple time-varying delays","volume":"57","author":"","year":"2008","journal-title":"Systems & Control Letters"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819004658800_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.75.1226","article-title":"Novel type of phase transition in a system of self-driven particles","volume":"75","author":"","year":"1995","journal-title":"Physical Review Letters"},{"key":"2025072819004658800_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xia, H.\n          , Huang, T.Z., Shao, J.L. and Yu, J.Y. (2014), \u201cFormation control of second-order multiagent systems with time-varying delays\u201d,                   Mathematical Problems in Engineering                , Vol. 2014, pp. 1-8, available at: www.hindawi.com\/journals\/mpe\/2014\/764580\/","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/764580"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819004658800_b18","first-page":"133","article-title":"Second-order group consensus for multi-agent systems with time delays","volume":"153","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025072819004658800_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1002\/rnc.1631","article-title":"Consensus of second-order multi-agent systems with exogenous disturbances","volume":"21","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819004658800_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1108\/17563781111136739","article-title":"Movement consensus of delayed multi-agent systems with directed weighted networks","volume":"4","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819004658800_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysconle.2010.03.009","article-title":"Group consensus in multi-agent systems with switching topologies and communication delays","volume":"59","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"Systems & Control Letters"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819004658800_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1080\/00207721.2010.496056","article-title":"Group consensus of multi-agent systems with directed information exchange","volume":"43","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Systems Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819004658800_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2010.03.006","article-title":"Some necessary and sufficient conditions for second-order consensus in multi-agent dynamical systems","volume":"46","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025072819004658800_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4458","DOI":"10.1088\/1674-1056\/17\/12\/021","article-title":"Agreement coordination for second-order multi-agent systems with disturbances","volume":"17","author":"","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chinese Physics B"},{"issue":"16","key":"2025072819004658800_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-cta.2011.0033","article-title":"Consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems","volume":"5","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"IET Control Theory & Applications"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025072819004658800_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1080\/00207179.2012.713986","article-title":"Distributed consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems with fixed and switching topologies","volume":"85","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Control"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025072819004658800_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysconle.2012.05.009","article-title":"Finite-time consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems with and without velocity measurements","volume":"61","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"Systems & Control Letters"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819004658800_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"038901","DOI":"10.1088\/1674-1056\/22\/3\/038901","article-title":"Finite-time consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems","volume":"22","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chinese Physics B"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/IJICC-03-2015-0009","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IJICC-03-2015-0009\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ijicc\/article-pdf\/8\/4\/294\/887063\/ijicc-03-2015-0009.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ijicc\/article-pdf\/8\/4\/294\/887063\/ijicc-03-2015-0009.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T23:00:56Z","timestamp":1753743656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ijicc\/article\/8\/4\/294\/133239\/Group-consensus-of-heterogeneous-multi-agent"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ijicc-03-2015-0009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-378X","1756-3798"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-378X","type":"print"},{"value":"1756-3798","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,9]]}}}