{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:42:09Z","timestamp":1754156529763,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,8]],"date-time":"2015-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433721600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 Data integration is to combine data residing at different sources and to provide the users with a unified interface of these data. An important issue on data integration is the existence of conflicts among the different data sources. Data sources may conflict with each other at data level, which is defined as data inconsistency. The purpose of this paper is to aim at this problem and propose a solution for data inconsistency in data integration. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 A relational data model extended with data source quality criteria is first defined. Then based on the proposed data model, a data inconsistency solution strategy is provided. To accomplish the strategy, fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) approach based on data source quality criteria is applied to obtain the results. Finally, users feedbacks strategies are proposed to optimize the result of fuzzy MADM approach as the final data inconsistent solution. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 To evaluate the proposed method, the data obtained from the sensors are extracted. Some experiments are designed and performed to explain the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The results substantiate that the solution has a better performance than the other methods on correctness, time cost and stability indicators. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 Since the inconsistent data collected from the sensors are pervasive, the proposed method can solve this problem and correct the wrong choice to some extent. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 In this paper, for the first time the authors study the effect of users feedbacks on integration results aiming at the inconsistent data.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ijicc-04-2014-0013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,28]],"date-time":"2015-05-28T11:36:09Z","timestamp":1432812969000},"page":"187-203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Integrate inconsistent and heterogeneous data based on user feedback"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Lihua","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hengzhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Zhi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agarwal, S.\n               , \n                  Keller, A.M.\n               , \n                  Wiederhold, G.\n                and \n                  Saraswat, K.\n                (1995), \u201cFlexible relation: an approach for integrating data from multiple possibly inconsistent databases\u201d, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Data Engineering, pp. 495-504.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE.1995.380364"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andez, M.A.H.\n               , \n                  Stolfo, S.J.\n                and \n                  Fayyad, U.\n                (1998), \u201cReal-world data is dirty: data cleansing and the merge\/purge problem\u201d, \n                  Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery\n               , Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 9-37.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009761603038"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b2","unstructured":"Anokhin, P.\n                (2001), \u201cData inconsistency detection and resolution in the integration of heterogeneous information sources\u201d, PhD thesis, School of Information Technology and Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA."},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belhajjame, K.\n               , \n                  Paton, N.W.\n               , \n                  Embury, S.M.\n               , \n                  Fernandes, A.A.A.\n                and \n                  Hedeler, C.\n                (2010), \u201cFeedback-based annotation, selection and refinement of schema mappings for dataspaces\u201d, EDBT, ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 573-584.","DOI":"10.1145\/1739041.1739110"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben\u00edte, J.M.\n               , \n                  Mart\u00edn, J.C.\n                and \n                  Rom\u00edan, C.\n                (2007), \u201cUsing fuzzy number for measuring quality of service in the hotel industry\u201d, \n                  Tourism Management\n               , Vol. 28 No. 2, pp. 544-555.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2006.04.018"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b14","unstructured":"Bernstein, P.A.\n               , \n                  Melnik, S.\n                and \n                  Churchill, J.E.\n                (2006), \u201cIncremental schema matching\u201d, \n                  VLDB, September 12-15, Seoul\n               ."},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chai, X.\n               , \n                  Sayyadian, M.\n               , \n                  Doan, A.\n               , \n                  Rosenthal A.\n                and \n                  Seligman, L.\n                (2008), \u201cAnalyzing and revising data integration schemas to improve their matchability\u201d, Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, pp. 773-784.","DOI":"10.14778\/1453856.1453940"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiang, F.\n                and \n                  Miller, R.J.\n                (2008), \u201cDiscovering data quality rules\u201d, \n                  Proc. VLDB Endowment\n               , Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 1166-1177.","DOI":"10.14778\/1453856.1453980"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b25","unstructured":"Cong, G.\n               , \n                  Fan, W.\n               , \n                  Geerts, F.\n               , \n                  Jia, X.\n                and \n                  Ma, S.\n                (2007), \u201cImproving data quality: consistency and accuracy\u201d, \n                  VLDB07, VLDB Endowment, September 23-28\n               , pp. 315-326."},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gal, A.\n                (2006), \u201cManaging uncertainty in schema matching with top-k schema mappings\u201d, \n                  J. Data Semantics VI\n               , Vol. 6.","DOI":"10.1007\/11803034_5"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, K.H.\n                and \n                  Li, W.L.\n                (2012), \u201cAn attitudinal-based method for constructing intuitionistic fuzzy information in hybrid MADM under uncertainty\u201d, \n                  Information Sciences\n               , Vol. 208 No. 15, pp. 28-38.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2012.04.030"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hedeler, C.\n               , \n                  Belhajjame, K.\n               , \n                  Paton, N.W.\n               , \n                  Fernandes, A.A.A.\n               , \n                  Embury, S.M.\n               , \n                  Mao, L.\n                and \n                  Guo, C.\n                (2011), \u201cPay-as-you-go mapping selection in dataspaces\u201d, SIGMOD Conference, pp. 1279-1282.","DOI":"10.1145\/1989323.1989476"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khalili-Damghani, K.\n                and \n                  Sadi-Nezhad, S.\n                (2013), \u201cA hybrid fuzzy multiple criteria group decision making approach for sustainable project selection\u201d, \n                  Applied Soft Computing\n               , Vol. 13 No. 1, pp. 339-352.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2012.07.030"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b3","unstructured":"Levy, A.Y.\n               , \n                  Rajaraman, A.\n                and \n                  Ordille, J.J.\n                (1996), \u201cQuerying heterogeneous information sources using source descriptions\u201d, Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, pp. 251-262."},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, D.-F.\n                and \n                  Wan, S.P.\n                (2014), \u201cFuzzy heterogeneous multiattribute decision making method for outsourcing provider selection\u201d, \n                  Expert Systems with Applications\n               , Vol. 41 No. 6, pp. 3047-3059.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.10.036"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, D.-F.\n               , \n                  Huang, Z.G.\n                and \n                  Chen, G.H.\n                (2010), \u201cA systematic approach to heterogeneous multiattribute group decision making\u201d, \n                  Computers & Industrial Engineering\n               , Vol. 59 No. 4, pp. 561-572.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2010.06.015"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Z.\n               , \n                  Yang, F.C.\n                and \n                  Su, S.\n                (2009), \u201cFuzzy multi-attribute decision making-based algorithm for semantic web service composition\u201d, \n                  Journal of Software\n               , Vol. 20 No. 3, pp. 583-596.","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1001.2009.03341"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b7","unstructured":"Lim, E.\n               , \n                  Srivastava, J.\n                and \n                  Shekhar, S.\n                (1994), \u201cResolving attribute incompatibility in database integration: an evidential reasoning approach\u201d, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Data Engineering, pp. 154-163."},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Motro, A.\n               , \n                  Anokhin, P.\n                and \n                  Acar, A.C.\n                (2004), \u201cUtility-based resolution of data inconsistencies\u201d, Proceedings of the International Workshop on Information Quality in Information Systems, pp. 35-43.","DOI":"10.1145\/1012453.1012460"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b8","unstructured":"Papakonstantinou, Y.\n               , \n                  Abiteboul, S.\n                and \n                  Garcia-Molina, H.\n                (1996), \u201cObject fusion in mediator systems\u201d, Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, pp. 413-424."},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rahm, E.\n                and \n                  Bernstein, P.A.\n                (2001), \u201cA survey of approaches to automatic schema matching\u201d, \n                  The VLDB Journal\n               , Vol. 10 No. 4, pp. 334-350.","DOI":"10.1007\/s007780100057"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tseng, F.S.C.\n               , \n                  Chen, A.L.P.\n                and \n                  Yang, W.P.\n                (1992), \u201cA probabilistic approach to query processing in heterogeneous database systems\u201d, Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Research Issues on Data Engineering, Transaction and Query Processing, pp. 176-183.","DOI":"10.1109\/RIDE.1992.227408"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wan, S.P.\n                and \n                  Li, D.-F.\n                (2013), \u201cFuzzy LINMAP approach to heterogeneous MADM considering the comparisons of alternatives with hesitation degrees\u201d, \n                  Omega\n               , Vol. 41 No. 6, pp. 925-940.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2012.12.002"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, X.Y.\n               , \n                  Xu, Z.S.\n                and \n                  Chen, Q.\n                (2011), \u201cA method based on preference degrees for handling hybrid multiple attribute decision making problems\u201d, \n                  Expert Systems with Applications\n               , Vol. 38 No. 4, pp. 3147-3154.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.08.107"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.A.\n                (1975), \u201cThe concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning\u201d, \n                  Information Science\n               , Vol. 8 No. 3, pp. 199-249.","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0255(75)90036-5"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_frd1","unstructured":"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Time of arrival"},{"key":"key2020122303194248600_frd2","unstructured":"www.atmel.com\/Images\/doc2593.pdf"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/IJICC-04-2014-0013","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IJICC-04-2014-0013\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IJICC-04-2014-0013\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:54:13Z","timestamp":1753397653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ijicc\/article\/8\/2\/187-203\/134804"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/IJICC-04-2014-0013"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ijicc-04-2014-0013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-378X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1756-378X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,8]]}}}